2023
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Granieri D., Lelli M., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M.
Abstract not availableSource: Geothermics 113 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
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Granieri D., Lelli M., Mazzarini F., Cerminara M., Calusi B., Scozzari A., Menichini M.
Abstract not availableSource: Geothermics 113 (2023). doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102754
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2014
Report
Unknown
ACQUASENSE - Analisi e sviluppo sperimentale di un modello del sistema per la rivelazione di anomalie
Scozzari A., Doveri M., Menichini M., Lelli M., Raco B.
This deliverable illustrates the methodology developed in order to synthesize datasets, which are peculiar to the behaviour of the natural system in its standard conditions.Synthetic data have been generated by means of: i) the hydrogeological model developed in WP2.10; ii)past datasets; iii) environmental parameters.Source: Project report, ACQUASENSE, Deliverable D3.8.2, 2014
Scozzari A., Doveri M., Menichini M., Lelli M., Raco B.
This deliverable illustrates the methodology developed in order to synthesize datasets, which are peculiar to the behaviour of the natural system in its standard conditions.Synthetic data have been generated by means of: i) the hydrogeological model developed in WP2.10; ii)past datasets; iii) environmental parameters.Source: Project report, ACQUASENSE, Deliverable D3.8.2, 2014
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2014
Contribution to book
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Pollution detection by electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods: an introductory note with case studies
Manstein Y., Scozzari A.
This chapter introduces the combined usage of electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods for the assessment of soil pollution at shallow depths, with a particular focus on situations of potential contamination of groundwater. After a brief introduction of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, three case studies are presented, dealing with potential threats to groundwater resources, in which the synergic usage of ERT and EMI permitted effective investigations about the contamination status and possible threats.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources. Berlin: Springer, 2014
DOI: 10.1007/698_2014_277
Metrics:
Manstein Y., Scozzari A.
This chapter introduces the combined usage of electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods for the assessment of soil pollution at shallow depths, with a particular focus on situations of potential contamination of groundwater. After a brief introduction of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, three case studies are presented, dealing with potential threats to groundwater resources, in which the synergic usage of ERT and EMI permitted effective investigations about the contamination status and possible threats.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources. Berlin: Springer, 2014
DOI: 10.1007/698_2014_277
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2016
Contribution to book
Open Access
Protection of groundwater resources: worldwide regulations and scientific approaches
Doveri M., Menichini M., Scozzari A.
The increasing role of groundwater in municipal water networks in many countries of the world makes the protection of groundwater resources an essential practice for safeguarding drinking water supplies. Several scientific-technical approaches are adopted worldwide to face this issue. In addition, some countries mainly depend on groundwater also for non-domestic use, making this topic even more critical. This chapter provides an overview of the main directives and their related technical aspects, concerning the protection zones of groundwater sources for human consumption. The main results of a multidisciplinary study are also presented, highlighting how the knowledge of physical and chemical aspects of groundwater bodies is a fundamental tool for protecting this vital resource and assuring its availability for the future generations.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by Andrea Scozzari, Elissavet Dotsika, pp. 13–30. Berlin: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_421
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Doveri M., Menichini M., Scozzari A.
The increasing role of groundwater in municipal water networks in many countries of the world makes the protection of groundwater resources an essential practice for safeguarding drinking water supplies. Several scientific-technical approaches are adopted worldwide to face this issue. In addition, some countries mainly depend on groundwater also for non-domestic use, making this topic even more critical. This chapter provides an overview of the main directives and their related technical aspects, concerning the protection zones of groundwater sources for human consumption. The main results of a multidisciplinary study are also presented, highlighting how the knowledge of physical and chemical aspects of groundwater bodies is a fundamental tool for protecting this vital resource and assuring its availability for the future generations.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by Andrea Scozzari, Elissavet Dotsika, pp. 13–30. Berlin: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_421
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2013
Contribution to journal
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Case-studies of potential applications for highly resolved shorelines
Abileah R., Scozzari A., Vignudelli S.
A 30 years long archive of Landsat images represents an asset to map the temporal evolution of shorelines during such period. However, the native resolution of Landsat data is not accurate enough for most of applications. High resolution imagery could be used, unfortunately their availability is expensive, not available everywhere and with poor temporal resolution. In this poster, some case-studies of applications using a novel method to map accurately shorelines in inland waters are presented and discussed. Case studies have been selected according to their peculiarities, i.e. shoreline shape, type of water body, nature of the surrounding land, water level variability, etc. The potential to measure changes at land/water interface is also illustrated. This poster complements the results showed in a companion poster titled "Mapping shorelines to subpixel accuracy using Landsat imagery".Source: Geophysical research abstracts 15 (2013).
Abileah R., Scozzari A., Vignudelli S.
A 30 years long archive of Landsat images represents an asset to map the temporal evolution of shorelines during such period. However, the native resolution of Landsat data is not accurate enough for most of applications. High resolution imagery could be used, unfortunately their availability is expensive, not available everywhere and with poor temporal resolution. In this poster, some case-studies of applications using a novel method to map accurately shorelines in inland waters are presented and discussed. Case studies have been selected according to their peculiarities, i.e. shoreline shape, type of water body, nature of the surrounding land, water level variability, etc. The potential to measure changes at land/water interface is also illustrated. This poster complements the results showed in a companion poster titled "Mapping shorelines to subpixel accuracy using Landsat imagery".Source: Geophysical research abstracts 15 (2013).
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2014
Conference article
Restricted
Experimentation of a tomographic technique on envisat radar altimetry data: Oil platforms as an opportunity target
Scozzari A., Gómez E. J., Soldovieri F. F., Vignudelli S.
In the present paper, a microwave tomographic technique is used in order to analyze the effect of oil & gas platforms located in the Adriatic Sea on the radar returns of the RA-2 sensor, installed onboard the ENVISAT satellite. The study area is located in front of the Italian Adriatic coast of Ravenna harbor. The results from the analysis of waveforms show that hyperbolae are clearly visible. The tomographic reconstructions exhibit signatures corresponding to their presence. Their relationship is thought dependent on the geometric conditions. Some examples are discussed in this paper.Source: IGARSS 2014, pp. 4477–4480, Quebec City, QC, Canada, 13-18 July 2014
DOI: 10.1109/igarss.2014.6947486
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Gómez E. J., Soldovieri F. F., Vignudelli S.
In the present paper, a microwave tomographic technique is used in order to analyze the effect of oil & gas platforms located in the Adriatic Sea on the radar returns of the RA-2 sensor, installed onboard the ENVISAT satellite. The study area is located in front of the Italian Adriatic coast of Ravenna harbor. The results from the analysis of waveforms show that hyperbolae are clearly visible. The tomographic reconstructions exhibit signatures corresponding to their presence. Their relationship is thought dependent on the geometric conditions. Some examples are discussed in this paper.Source: IGARSS 2014, pp. 4477–4480, Quebec City, QC, Canada, 13-18 July 2014
DOI: 10.1109/igarss.2014.6947486
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2015
Conference article
Open Access
Non-invasive measurements for shallow depth soil exploration: Development and application of an electromagnetic induction instrument
Manstein Yu. A., Manstein A. K., Balkov E., Panin G., Scozzari A.
Sounding with alternating electromagnetic fields has gained a growing attention and a broad usage during the last three decades, including Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction (FD-EMI) sounding methods. The development of an instrument is briefly illustrated in this work, and experiences made by using frequency-domain EMI soundings for geophysical applications are shown. The contexts of environmental monitoring and archaeological research are included in the presented case studies, in order to assess the capability of the approach in such operative frameworks.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1395–1399, Pisa, Italy, 11-14 May 2015
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2015.7151479
Metrics:
Manstein Yu. A., Manstein A. K., Balkov E., Panin G., Scozzari A.
Sounding with alternating electromagnetic fields has gained a growing attention and a broad usage during the last three decades, including Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction (FD-EMI) sounding methods. The development of an instrument is briefly illustrated in this work, and experiences made by using frequency-domain EMI soundings for geophysical applications are shown. The contexts of environmental monitoring and archaeological research are included in the presented case studies, in order to assess the capability of the approach in such operative frameworks.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1395–1399, Pisa, Italy, 11-14 May 2015
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2015.7151479
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2016
Contribution to book
Open Access
Non-conventional electrochemical and optical sensor systems
Di Natale C., Dini F., Scozzari A.
Electroanalytical methods are a common tool for the assessment of chemical peculiarities of aqueous solutions. Also, the analysis of water based on optical sensors is a mature field of research, which already led to industrial applications and standard laboratory practices. Nevertheless, scientific literature is still offering new sensor techniques and innovative measurement approaches in both fields. In particular, for fast characterisation of liquids and change detection applications in a continuous monitoring context, the technology of taste sensors based on electrochemical techniques is still witnessing a growing interest. Such devices are often defined as "electronic tongues" or "e-tongues". In addition, emerging inexpensive and portable devices with optical-sensing capabilities can be used for monitoring applications with a novel approach. This chapter gives an overview of recent techniques developed in both fields and presents several potential applications and case studies that deal with the context of water quality assessment. A brief introduction about the basics of each measurement technology, even if not exhaustive, is also provided.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by A. Scozzari, E. Dotsika. London: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2013_254
Metrics:
Di Natale C., Dini F., Scozzari A.
Electroanalytical methods are a common tool for the assessment of chemical peculiarities of aqueous solutions. Also, the analysis of water based on optical sensors is a mature field of research, which already led to industrial applications and standard laboratory practices. Nevertheless, scientific literature is still offering new sensor techniques and innovative measurement approaches in both fields. In particular, for fast characterisation of liquids and change detection applications in a continuous monitoring context, the technology of taste sensors based on electrochemical techniques is still witnessing a growing interest. Such devices are often defined as "electronic tongues" or "e-tongues". In addition, emerging inexpensive and portable devices with optical-sensing capabilities can be used for monitoring applications with a novel approach. This chapter gives an overview of recent techniques developed in both fields and presents several potential applications and case studies that deal with the context of water quality assessment. A brief introduction about the basics of each measurement technology, even if not exhaustive, is also provided.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by A. Scozzari, E. Dotsika. London: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2013_254
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | link.springer.com | CNR ExploRA
2022
Report
Open Access
SI-Lab annual research report 2021
Righi M., Leone G. R., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Berti A., Bruno A., Buongiorno R., Carloni G., Conti F., Germanese D., Ignesti G., Matarese F., Omrani A., Pachetti E., Papini O., Benassi A., Bertini G., Coltelli P., Tarabella L., Straface S., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, intelligent vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI) of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2021.Source: ISTI Annual reports, 2022
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2022/003
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Righi M., Leone G. R., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Berti A., Bruno A., Buongiorno R., Carloni G., Conti F., Germanese D., Ignesti G., Matarese F., Omrani A., Pachetti E., Papini O., Benassi A., Bertini G., Coltelli P., Tarabella L., Straface S., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, intelligent vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI) of the National Research Council of Italy (CNR). This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2021.Source: ISTI Annual reports, 2022
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2022/003
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ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Report
Open Access
SI-Lab Annual Research Report 2020
Leone G. R., Righi M., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Buongiorno R., Bruno A., Germanese D., Matarese F., Coscetti S., Coltelli P., Jalil B., Benassi A., Bertini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory (http://si.isti.cnr.it/) is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, smart vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the National Research Council of Italy. This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2020.Source: ISTI Annual Report, ISTI-2021-AR/001, pp.1–38, 2021
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2021/001
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Leone G. R., Righi M., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Buongiorno R., Bruno A., Germanese D., Matarese F., Coscetti S., Coltelli P., Jalil B., Benassi A., Bertini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory (http://si.isti.cnr.it/) is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, smart vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the National Research Council of Italy. This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2020.Source: ISTI Annual Report, ISTI-2021-AR/001, pp.1–38, 2021
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2021/001
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ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2013
Journal article
Open Access
Coherent ranging with Envisat radar altimeter: A new perspective in analyzing altimeter data using Doppler processing
Abileah R., Gomez E. J., Vignudelli S., Scozzari A.
ESA's Envisat mission carried a RA-2 radar altimeter since its launch in 2002 to sense sea state and especiallymeasure sea surface height (SSH). The onboard processing combined multiple echoes incoherently to reduce Speckle noise and benefit from data compression. In fact, according to past literature the amplitudes were generally expected to be independent. Nevertheless, samples of complex data time series of individual echoes (IE) were down-linked and archived since 2004 for research studies. In this note we demonstrate that there is sufficient inter-pulse coherence for Doppler processing and we suggest that the archived data can be re-processed into improved SSH. This is of particular interest in challenging domains (e.g., coastal zone) where coherent processing can mitigate errors from ocean surface backscatter inhomogeneity and nearby land backscatter. A new method called zero-Doppler to process IEs is thus proposed and discussedSource: Remote sensing of environment 139 (2013): 271–276. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.005
DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.005
Metrics:
Abileah R., Gomez E. J., Vignudelli S., Scozzari A.
ESA's Envisat mission carried a RA-2 radar altimeter since its launch in 2002 to sense sea state and especiallymeasure sea surface height (SSH). The onboard processing combined multiple echoes incoherently to reduce Speckle noise and benefit from data compression. In fact, according to past literature the amplitudes were generally expected to be independent. Nevertheless, samples of complex data time series of individual echoes (IE) were down-linked and archived since 2004 for research studies. In this note we demonstrate that there is sufficient inter-pulse coherence for Doppler processing and we suggest that the archived data can be re-processed into improved SSH. This is of particular interest in challenging domains (e.g., coastal zone) where coherent processing can mitigate errors from ocean surface backscatter inhomogeneity and nearby land backscatter. A new method called zero-Doppler to process IEs is thus proposed and discussedSource: Remote sensing of environment 139 (2013): 271–276. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.005
DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2013.08.005
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ISTI Repository | Remote Sensing of Environment | CNR ExploRA
2013
Journal article
Open Access
Effective monitoring of landfills: flux measurements and thermography enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact
Battaglini R., Raco B., Scozzari A.
This work presents a methodology for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system in terms of biogas release to the atmosphere. Despite the various positions towards the impact of methane on global warming, there is a general agreement about the fact that methane from landfill represents about 23% of the total anthropogenic CH4 released to the atmosphere. Despite the importance of this topic, no internationally accepted protocol exists to quantify the leakage of biogas from the landfill cover. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a field method based on accumulation chamber flux measurements. In addition, the results obtained from a nine-year-long monitoring activity on an Italian municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill are presented. The connection between such flux measurements of biogas release and thermal anomalies detected by infrared radiometry is also discussed. The main overall benefit of the presented approach is a significant increase in the recovered energy from the landfill site by means of an optimal collection of biogas, which implies a reduction of the total anthropogenic methane originated from the disposal of waste.Source: Journal of geophysics and engineering (Print) 10 (2013): 064002–0640015. doi:10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
DOI: 10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
Metrics:
Battaglini R., Raco B., Scozzari A.
This work presents a methodology for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system in terms of biogas release to the atmosphere. Despite the various positions towards the impact of methane on global warming, there is a general agreement about the fact that methane from landfill represents about 23% of the total anthropogenic CH4 released to the atmosphere. Despite the importance of this topic, no internationally accepted protocol exists to quantify the leakage of biogas from the landfill cover. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a field method based on accumulation chamber flux measurements. In addition, the results obtained from a nine-year-long monitoring activity on an Italian municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill are presented. The connection between such flux measurements of biogas release and thermal anomalies detected by infrared radiometry is also discussed. The main overall benefit of the presented approach is a significant increase in the recovered energy from the landfill site by means of an optimal collection of biogas, which implies a reduction of the total anthropogenic methane originated from the disposal of waste.Source: Journal of geophysics and engineering (Print) 10 (2013): 064002–0640015. doi:10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
DOI: 10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
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Journal of Geophysics and Engineering | iopscience.iop.org | CNR ExploRA
2014
Conference article
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Analysis of vegetation dynamics in middle east area during 2002-2013 in relation to the 2007-2009 drought episode
Villa P., Boschetti M., Scozzari A., Vignudelli S.
The drought episode that struck Middle East countries in 2007-2009 was the worst one hitting the region in more than 60 years. An analysis of rainfall and vegetation dynamics over the temporal range covering 11 hydrological seasons from September 2002 to August 2013 has been carried out by using time series of satellite data from TRMM and MODIS platforms, over the study area covering the so called Fertile Crescent: spanning from southern Turkey, Syria, and Jordan, to Iraq and western Iran. The results of this analysis, along with supportive information about surface water reserves drawn from satellite radar altimetry suggest that the intensification of activities in new agricultural areas in southern Turkey, steadily developed during the last decade, contributed to the sensible deplenishment of water resources available over the basin.Source: IGARSS 2014 - IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, pp. 4260–4263, Quebec City, Canada, 13-18 July 2014
DOI: 10.1109/igarss.2014.6947430
Metrics:
Villa P., Boschetti M., Scozzari A., Vignudelli S.
The drought episode that struck Middle East countries in 2007-2009 was the worst one hitting the region in more than 60 years. An analysis of rainfall and vegetation dynamics over the temporal range covering 11 hydrological seasons from September 2002 to August 2013 has been carried out by using time series of satellite data from TRMM and MODIS platforms, over the study area covering the so called Fertile Crescent: spanning from southern Turkey, Syria, and Jordan, to Iraq and western Iran. The results of this analysis, along with supportive information about surface water reserves drawn from satellite radar altimetry suggest that the intensification of activities in new agricultural areas in southern Turkey, steadily developed during the last decade, contributed to the sensible deplenishment of water resources available over the basin.Source: IGARSS 2014 - IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, pp. 4260–4263, Quebec City, Canada, 13-18 July 2014
DOI: 10.1109/igarss.2014.6947430
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2015
Contribution to book
Open Access
Introduction
Scozzari A, Dotsika E.
Groundwater is the only source of water supply for some countries in the world and the main source for many other countries. Especially in the European Union and in the United States of America, the role of high-quality groundwater is fundamental for the drinking water supply, and this is true also for some countries in Asia, Africa and Australia. Thus, in a growing number of contexts, safeguarding drinking water supplies is strictly linked with the protection of local groundwater resources. The usage of groundwater for irrigation has also a relevant share in many countries, sometimes contributing to stress the resource. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability and the individuation of potential hazards are thus becoming common and often compelling issues. Given this particular background, this introductory chapter illustrates the motivational framework of this book and outlines its contents.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources : prevention and control, pp. 1–11. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2015
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_416
Metrics:
Scozzari A, Dotsika E.
Groundwater is the only source of water supply for some countries in the world and the main source for many other countries. Especially in the European Union and in the United States of America, the role of high-quality groundwater is fundamental for the drinking water supply, and this is true also for some countries in Asia, Africa and Australia. Thus, in a growing number of contexts, safeguarding drinking water supplies is strictly linked with the protection of local groundwater resources. The usage of groundwater for irrigation has also a relevant share in many countries, sometimes contributing to stress the resource. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability and the individuation of potential hazards are thus becoming common and often compelling issues. Given this particular background, this introductory chapter illustrates the motivational framework of this book and outlines its contents.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources : prevention and control, pp. 1–11. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2015
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_416
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2016
Contribution to book
Open Access
Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control
Scozzari A., Dotsika E.
This book focuses on scientific and technological aspects of groundwater-resources assessment and surveillance. It describes relevant risks and investigates selected techniques for the monitoring and mitigation of the individuated threats to groundwater quality. The authors discuss the concepts of groundwater-resources protection and offer examples of both geogenic and anthropogenic degradation of groundwater quality, such as heavy metals from mining activities and natural water-rock interactions, as well as risk of contamination due to geological CO2 storage practices etc. The volume also covers non-invasive monitoring techniques and briefly addresses innovative sensor technologies for the online assessment of water quality. Furthermore, the role played by geochemical techniques, the potential of environmental isotopes and the support provided by physical modelling are highlighted. The chapters guide the reader through various viewpoints, according to the diverse disciplines involved, without aiming to be exhaustive, but instead picking representative topics for their relevance in the context of groundwater protection and control. This book will be of interest to advanced students, researchers, policy-makers and stakeholders at various levels.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-48596-5
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Dotsika E.
This book focuses on scientific and technological aspects of groundwater-resources assessment and surveillance. It describes relevant risks and investigates selected techniques for the monitoring and mitigation of the individuated threats to groundwater quality. The authors discuss the concepts of groundwater-resources protection and offer examples of both geogenic and anthropogenic degradation of groundwater quality, such as heavy metals from mining activities and natural water-rock interactions, as well as risk of contamination due to geological CO2 storage practices etc. The volume also covers non-invasive monitoring techniques and briefly addresses innovative sensor technologies for the online assessment of water quality. Furthermore, the role played by geochemical techniques, the potential of environmental isotopes and the support provided by physical modelling are highlighted. The chapters guide the reader through various viewpoints, according to the diverse disciplines involved, without aiming to be exhaustive, but instead picking representative topics for their relevance in the context of groundwater protection and control. This book will be of interest to advanced students, researchers, policy-makers and stakeholders at various levels.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-48596-5
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link.springer.com | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2016
Conference article
Open Access
Development of an online measurement apparatus for the study of stratified flow in near-horizontal pipes
Scozzari A., Andreussi P., Picciaia D.
There is a high industrial interest today in the development of accurate measurement techniques to support the modelling of gas-liquid flow phenomena. When dealing with stratified flow in horizontal or inclined pipes, the main problem is that in the range of medium to large gas velocities there are very few data available for the development or validation of flow models. These data should include the measurement of the pressure gradient, the circumferential liquid film distribution, the liquid hold-up and the fraction of entrained droplets. This work describes the development and experimentation of a measurement set-up for generating these data at flow conditions as close as possible to those of industrial interest, in terms of pipe diameter and physical properties of the fluid. This paper focuses on the measurement technique, which is based on conductivity measurements by arrays of needle-shaped electrodes, and illustrates one practical implementation and its validation.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1155–1160, Taipei, Taiwan, 23-26 May 2016
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520531
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Andreussi P., Picciaia D.
There is a high industrial interest today in the development of accurate measurement techniques to support the modelling of gas-liquid flow phenomena. When dealing with stratified flow in horizontal or inclined pipes, the main problem is that in the range of medium to large gas velocities there are very few data available for the development or validation of flow models. These data should include the measurement of the pressure gradient, the circumferential liquid film distribution, the liquid hold-up and the fraction of entrained droplets. This work describes the development and experimentation of a measurement set-up for generating these data at flow conditions as close as possible to those of industrial interest, in terms of pipe diameter and physical properties of the fluid. This paper focuses on the measurement technique, which is based on conductivity measurements by arrays of needle-shaped electrodes, and illustrates one practical implementation and its validation.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1155–1160, Taipei, Taiwan, 23-26 May 2016
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520531
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2016
Journal article
Open Access
Detection and characterization of ship targets using CryoSat-2 altimeter waveforms
Gómez-Enri J., Scozzari A., Soldovieri F., Coca J., Vignudelli S.
This article describes an investigation of the new possibilities offered by SAR altimetry compared with conventional altimetry in the detection and characterization of non-ocean targets. We explore the capabilities of the first SAR altimeter installed on the European Space Agency satellite CryoSat-2 for the detection and characterization of ships. We propose a methodology for the detection of anomalous targets in the radar signals, based on the advantages of SAR/Doppler processing over conventional altimetry. A simple metric is proposed for the automatic detection and separation of ship targets; additional geometric considerations are introduced, to assess the compatibility between the structures detected and the actual location and characteristics of the ships observed. A test-case is presented with multiple targets that are confirmed as large vessels cruising in the proximity of a CryoSat-2 track crossing the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean). The presence and position of these ships at the time of satellite passage have been corroborated by the data retrieved from the Automatic Information System database. A principal motive for this research is the future altimetry missions that will provide global SAR coverage (e.g., Sentinel-3). This methodology may complement the existing tracking systems, with particular reference to the capability of compiling global statistics based on freely available data.Source: Remote sensing (Basel) 8 (2016): 193. doi:10.3390/rs8030193
DOI: 10.3390/rs8030193
Metrics:
Gómez-Enri J., Scozzari A., Soldovieri F., Coca J., Vignudelli S.
This article describes an investigation of the new possibilities offered by SAR altimetry compared with conventional altimetry in the detection and characterization of non-ocean targets. We explore the capabilities of the first SAR altimeter installed on the European Space Agency satellite CryoSat-2 for the detection and characterization of ships. We propose a methodology for the detection of anomalous targets in the radar signals, based on the advantages of SAR/Doppler processing over conventional altimetry. A simple metric is proposed for the automatic detection and separation of ship targets; additional geometric considerations are introduced, to assess the compatibility between the structures detected and the actual location and characteristics of the ships observed. A test-case is presented with multiple targets that are confirmed as large vessels cruising in the proximity of a CryoSat-2 track crossing the Alboran Sea (Western Mediterranean). The presence and position of these ships at the time of satellite passage have been corroborated by the data retrieved from the Automatic Information System database. A principal motive for this research is the future altimetry missions that will provide global SAR coverage (e.g., Sentinel-3). This methodology may complement the existing tracking systems, with particular reference to the capability of compiling global statistics based on freely available data.Source: Remote sensing (Basel) 8 (2016): 193. doi:10.3390/rs8030193
DOI: 10.3390/rs8030193
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Remote Sensing | Remote Sensing | www.mdpi.com | Remote Sensing | CNR ExploRA
2016
Contribution to conference
Restricted
Landfills as critical infrastructures: analysis of observational datasets after 12 years of non-invasive monitoring
Scozzari A., Raco B., Battaglini R.
This work presents the results of more than ten years of observations, performed on a regular basis, on a municipal solid waste disposal located in Italy. Observational data are generated by the combination of non-invasive techniques, involving the direct measurement of biogas release to the atmosphere and thermal infrared imaging. In fact, part of the generated biogas tends to escape from the landfill surface even when collecting systems are installed and properly working. Thus, methodologies for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system by means of direct and/or indirect measurement systems have been developed in the last decades. It is nowadays known that these infrastructures produce more than 20% of the total anthropogenic methane released to the atmosphere, justifying the need for a systematic and efficient monitoring of such infrastructures. During the last 12 years, observational data regarding a solid waste disposal site located in Tuscany (Italy) have been collected on a regular basis. The collected datasets consist in direct measurements of gas flux with the accumulation chamber method, combined with the detection of thermal anomalies by infrared radiometry. This work discusses the evolution of the estimated performance of the landfill system, its trends, the benefits and the critical aspects of such relatively long-term monitoring activity.Source: General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, Austria, 17-22 April 2016
Scozzari A., Raco B., Battaglini R.
This work presents the results of more than ten years of observations, performed on a regular basis, on a municipal solid waste disposal located in Italy. Observational data are generated by the combination of non-invasive techniques, involving the direct measurement of biogas release to the atmosphere and thermal infrared imaging. In fact, part of the generated biogas tends to escape from the landfill surface even when collecting systems are installed and properly working. Thus, methodologies for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system by means of direct and/or indirect measurement systems have been developed in the last decades. It is nowadays known that these infrastructures produce more than 20% of the total anthropogenic methane released to the atmosphere, justifying the need for a systematic and efficient monitoring of such infrastructures. During the last 12 years, observational data regarding a solid waste disposal site located in Tuscany (Italy) have been collected on a regular basis. The collected datasets consist in direct measurements of gas flux with the accumulation chamber method, combined with the detection of thermal anomalies by infrared radiometry. This work discusses the evolution of the estimated performance of the landfill system, its trends, the benefits and the critical aspects of such relatively long-term monitoring activity.Source: General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, Austria, 17-22 April 2016
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | CNR ExploRA
2017
Conference article
Open Access
Making use of continuous measurements for change detection purposes: an application to water distribution networks
Scozzari A., Brozzo G.
The monitoring and control of industrial processes often requires the capability to identify particular patterns in a set of acquired measurements. One of the most recurrent applications consists in the detection of changes and the related minimization of false alarms. This requirement is true also when dealing with natural systems. The monitoring of a natural resource usually involves the identification of a set of parameters, which are considered as representative of its underlining processes, in order to extract useful information about its current status and its expected behavior. This work is focused on the water resources destined to the drinkable water distribution, paying attention to two particular aspects: i) the need for a suitable metric to detect anomalous values in the assessment of water quality indicators; ii) the experimentation of a simplified data-driven strategy to estimate natural variations of one or more indicators, in order to mitigate false alarms. This paper proposes a preliminary investigation and a selected case study, in order to exemplify one practical implementation of the proposed approach. The possible application to a context of low-cost distributed sensors is also briefly discussed.Source: I2MTC 2017 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Torino, Italy, 22-25 May 2017
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2017.7969738
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Brozzo G.
The monitoring and control of industrial processes often requires the capability to identify particular patterns in a set of acquired measurements. One of the most recurrent applications consists in the detection of changes and the related minimization of false alarms. This requirement is true also when dealing with natural systems. The monitoring of a natural resource usually involves the identification of a set of parameters, which are considered as representative of its underlining processes, in order to extract useful information about its current status and its expected behavior. This work is focused on the water resources destined to the drinkable water distribution, paying attention to two particular aspects: i) the need for a suitable metric to detect anomalous values in the assessment of water quality indicators; ii) the experimentation of a simplified data-driven strategy to estimate natural variations of one or more indicators, in order to mitigate false alarms. This paper proposes a preliminary investigation and a selected case study, in order to exemplify one practical implementation of the proposed approach. The possible application to a context of low-cost distributed sensors is also briefly discussed.Source: I2MTC 2017 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Torino, Italy, 22-25 May 2017
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2017.7969738
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2017
Contribution to conference
Open Access
How the availability of free satellite data can improve the observation of critical infrastructures: a proposed application to landfills for municipal solid wastes
Scozzari A., Masetti G., Raco B., Battaglini R.
Landfills for Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) produce about 20% of the total anthropogenic methane released to the atmosphere. As a consequence, these infrastructures require a systematic and efficient monitoring. Various techniques have been proposed until now for the estimation of biogas production and its release, by using more or less direct measurements, mostly characterised by a low or completely absent invasivity. During the last 13 years, observational data about a MSW disposal site located in Tuscany (Italy) have been collected on a regular basis, consisting in direct measurements of gas flux with the accumulation chamber method, combined with infrared radiometry performed in situ with portable radiometers. The availability of free Landsat imagery and the more recent availability of ASTER data (freely available since April 2016) open new monitoring possibilities, in addition to the in situ measurements described above. In particular, we present the preliminary results of a study about the usability of low resolution thermal infrared scenes to build timeseries describing the overall status of a waste disposal site. This work discusses the possibility to complement in situ measurements with satellite observations, taking benefit from the high revisit time with respect to the timings of in situ campaigns.Source: EGU 2017 - General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, Austria, 23-28 April 2017
Scozzari A., Masetti G., Raco B., Battaglini R.
Landfills for Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) produce about 20% of the total anthropogenic methane released to the atmosphere. As a consequence, these infrastructures require a systematic and efficient monitoring. Various techniques have been proposed until now for the estimation of biogas production and its release, by using more or less direct measurements, mostly characterised by a low or completely absent invasivity. During the last 13 years, observational data about a MSW disposal site located in Tuscany (Italy) have been collected on a regular basis, consisting in direct measurements of gas flux with the accumulation chamber method, combined with infrared radiometry performed in situ with portable radiometers. The availability of free Landsat imagery and the more recent availability of ASTER data (freely available since April 2016) open new monitoring possibilities, in addition to the in situ measurements described above. In particular, we present the preliminary results of a study about the usability of low resolution thermal infrared scenes to build timeseries describing the overall status of a waste disposal site. This work discusses the possibility to complement in situ measurements with satellite observations, taking benefit from the high revisit time with respect to the timings of in situ campaigns.Source: EGU 2017 - General Assemblies of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, Austria, 23-28 April 2017
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA