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2026
Conference article
Open Access
Building geospatial knowledge graphs for cultural heritage with the GeoLinks API
Pratelli Nicolo, De Martino Claudio, Lenzi Emanuele, Bartalesi Valentina
The Cultural Heritage domain is rich in contextual information, often found in unstructured texts. These sources frequently reference places but typically lack the semantic structure required for geospatial integration and analysis. We introduce the GeoLinks API, a lightweight web service that extracts and links geospatial entities from narrative texts to support the automatic construction of structured geospatial knowledge graphs. The API performs two core functions: (i) extracting geometries from GeoNames IRIs, and (ii) recognising and linking place entities to Wikidata. Outputs are expressed in GeoSPARQL, enabling spatial reasoning, semantic interoperability, and integration with Linked Data infrastructures. We demonstrate the performance of the GeoLinks API on a dataset of contextual narratives related to traditional craft production, illustrating how it transforms unstructured cultural texts into machine-readable, semantically enriched geospatial knowledge. This approach advances Cultural Heritage preservation and research by making spatial context explicit and supporting new forms of digital analysis.Source: LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 16297, pp. 445-452. Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 15–17 October 2025
DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_31
Project(s): Craeft
Metrics:
Pratelli Nicolo, De Martino Claudio, Lenzi Emanuele, Bartalesi Valentina
The Cultural Heritage domain is rich in contextual information, often found in unstructured texts. These sources frequently reference places but typically lack the semantic structure required for geospatial integration and analysis. We introduce the GeoLinks API, a lightweight web service that extracts and links geospatial entities from narrative texts to support the automatic construction of structured geospatial knowledge graphs. The API performs two core functions: (i) extracting geometries from GeoNames IRIs, and (ii) recognising and linking place entities to Wikidata. Outputs are expressed in GeoSPARQL, enabling spatial reasoning, semantic interoperability, and integration with Linked Data infrastructures. We demonstrate the performance of the GeoLinks API on a dataset of contextual narratives related to traditional craft production, illustrating how it transforms unstructured cultural texts into machine-readable, semantically enriched geospatial knowledge. This approach advances Cultural Heritage preservation and research by making spatial context explicit and supporting new forms of digital analysis.Source: LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 16297, pp. 445-452. Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 15–17 October 2025
DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-5009-8_31
Project(s): Craeft
Metrics:
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CNR IRIS 
| link.springer.com | CNR IRIS 
| CNR IRIS
2026
Journal article
Open Access
Interactive story maps for historical musical instruments: a 3D and semantic web tool for cultural heritage preservation
Bartalesi Valentina, Lenzi Emanuele, De Martino Claudio, Coro Gianpaolo
Ancient stringed instruments from the 17th and 18th centuries are essential for global cultural heritage but pose preservation and study challenges due to their fragility and rarity. Digital reproductions and interactive story maps offer new ways to analyse these instruments, providing historical, mechanical, and acoustic insights while aiding modern luthiers in replication. This paper presents a novel methodology and software that integrates 3D models of historical instruments into interactive story maps using Semantic Web technologies. The system enables users to explore 3D models with embedded annotations from Sketchfab and supports the creation of formal narratives enriched with geospatial and multimedia content. Each narrative event is linked to a backend knowledge base (KB) structured with established ontologies. The tool is open-source and web-based, and allows interoperability between its story maps and external KBs such as Wikidata and Europeana. It supports multiple levels of descriptive details, from precise 3D model annotations to broad geographic and temporal references. An evaluation case study featured 25 participants exploring a story map about a 1737 Antonio Stradivari violin, connected to a KB of 1716 triples. The results highlight the tool’s usability and effectiveness in representing the violin’s spatiotemporal and cultural context, showcasing the value of combining 3D models and geospatial data to enhance cultural heritage preservation.Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA SCIENCE AND ANALYTICS, vol. 22 (issue 1)
DOI: 10.1007/s41060-025-01014-4
Metrics:
Bartalesi Valentina, Lenzi Emanuele, De Martino Claudio, Coro Gianpaolo
Ancient stringed instruments from the 17th and 18th centuries are essential for global cultural heritage but pose preservation and study challenges due to their fragility and rarity. Digital reproductions and interactive story maps offer new ways to analyse these instruments, providing historical, mechanical, and acoustic insights while aiding modern luthiers in replication. This paper presents a novel methodology and software that integrates 3D models of historical instruments into interactive story maps using Semantic Web technologies. The system enables users to explore 3D models with embedded annotations from Sketchfab and supports the creation of formal narratives enriched with geospatial and multimedia content. Each narrative event is linked to a backend knowledge base (KB) structured with established ontologies. The tool is open-source and web-based, and allows interoperability between its story maps and external KBs such as Wikidata and Europeana. It supports multiple levels of descriptive details, from precise 3D model annotations to broad geographic and temporal references. An evaluation case study featured 25 participants exploring a story map about a 1737 Antonio Stradivari violin, connected to a KB of 1716 triples. The results highlight the tool’s usability and effectiveness in representing the violin’s spatiotemporal and cultural context, showcasing the value of combining 3D models and geospatial data to enhance cultural heritage preservation.Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DATA SCIENCE AND ANALYTICS, vol. 22 (issue 1)
DOI: 10.1007/s41060-025-01014-4
Metrics:
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CNR IRIS | link.springer.com | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2024
Journal article
Open Access
Using large language models to create narrative events
Bartalesi Lenzi V., Lenzi E., De Martino C.
Narratives play a crucial role in human communication, serving as a means to convey experiences, perspectives, and meanings across various domains. They are particularly significant in scientific communities, where narratives are often utilized to explain complex phenomena and share knowledge. This article explores the possibility of integrating large language models (LLMs) into a workflow that, exploiting the Semantic Web technologies, transforms raw textual data gathered by scientific communities into narratives. In particular, we focus on using LLMs to automatically create narrative events, maintaining the reliability of the generated texts. The study provides a conceptual definition of narrative events and evaluates the performance of different smaller LLMs compared to the requirements we identified. A key aspect of the experiment is the emphasis on maintaining the integrity of the original narratives in the LLM outputs, as experts often review texts produced by scientific communities to ensure their accuracy and reliability. We first perform an evaluation on a corpus of five narratives and then on a larger dataset comprising 124 narratives. LLaMA 2 is identified as the most suitable model for generating narrative events that closely align with the input texts, demonstrating its ability to generate high-quality narrative events. Prompt engineering techniques are then employed to enhance the performance of the selected model, leading to further improvements in the quality of the generated texts.Source: PEERJ. COMPUTER SCIENCE., vol. 10
DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2242
Project(s): Craeft
Metrics:
Bartalesi Lenzi V., Lenzi E., De Martino C.
Narratives play a crucial role in human communication, serving as a means to convey experiences, perspectives, and meanings across various domains. They are particularly significant in scientific communities, where narratives are often utilized to explain complex phenomena and share knowledge. This article explores the possibility of integrating large language models (LLMs) into a workflow that, exploiting the Semantic Web technologies, transforms raw textual data gathered by scientific communities into narratives. In particular, we focus on using LLMs to automatically create narrative events, maintaining the reliability of the generated texts. The study provides a conceptual definition of narrative events and evaluates the performance of different smaller LLMs compared to the requirements we identified. A key aspect of the experiment is the emphasis on maintaining the integrity of the original narratives in the LLM outputs, as experts often review texts produced by scientific communities to ensure their accuracy and reliability. We first perform an evaluation on a corpus of five narratives and then on a larger dataset comprising 124 narratives. LLaMA 2 is identified as the most suitable model for generating narrative events that closely align with the input texts, demonstrating its ability to generate high-quality narrative events. Prompt engineering techniques are then employed to enhance the performance of the selected model, leading to further improvements in the quality of the generated texts.Source: PEERJ. COMPUTER SCIENCE., vol. 10
DOI: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2242
Project(s): Craeft
Metrics:
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PeerJ Computer Science | PeerJ Computer Science | IRIS Cnr | IRIS Cnr | CNR IRIS
2024
Conference article
Open Access
BlocklyBias: a visual programming language for bias identification in AI data
De Martino C., Turchi T., Malizia A.
In the current landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), bias has emerged as a central concern in both public discourse and scientific inquiry. In today’s rapidly evolving landscape, marked by increasing complexity and challenges, there is a growing need to address the issue of biases and discrimination that can be exacerbated by algorithms. Biases can infiltrate data collection, whether conducted by humans or systems they design, highlighting the multifaceted nature of this challenge. Consequently, addressing this issue from diverse perspectives is imperative, extending its reach beyond technical domains to include stakeholders from various backgrounds. This paper aims to illustrate how the democratization of the data analysis process – specifically regarding intersectional biases – can be achieved through the use of Visual Programming Languages (VPLs). By reducing the technical entry barrier, fostering an understanding of bias, and providing mitigation strategies, this research introduces BlocklyBias, a platform founded on VPL principles. BlocklyBias serves as a foundational stepping stone for future improvements, as a tool to explore and resolve bias-related challenges in data analysis. Through this study, we seek to bridge the gap between technical and non-technical stakeholders, fostering a collaborative approach to bias mitigation in AI.Source: LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 14735, pp. 45-59. Washington DC, USA, 29/06 – 4/07/2024
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60611-3_4
Metrics:
De Martino C., Turchi T., Malizia A.
In the current landscape of Artificial Intelligence (AI), bias has emerged as a central concern in both public discourse and scientific inquiry. In today’s rapidly evolving landscape, marked by increasing complexity and challenges, there is a growing need to address the issue of biases and discrimination that can be exacerbated by algorithms. Biases can infiltrate data collection, whether conducted by humans or systems they design, highlighting the multifaceted nature of this challenge. Consequently, addressing this issue from diverse perspectives is imperative, extending its reach beyond technical domains to include stakeholders from various backgrounds. This paper aims to illustrate how the democratization of the data analysis process – specifically regarding intersectional biases – can be achieved through the use of Visual Programming Languages (VPLs). By reducing the technical entry barrier, fostering an understanding of bias, and providing mitigation strategies, this research introduces BlocklyBias, a platform founded on VPL principles. BlocklyBias serves as a foundational stepping stone for future improvements, as a tool to explore and resolve bias-related challenges in data analysis. Through this study, we seek to bridge the gap between technical and non-technical stakeholders, fostering a collaborative approach to bias mitigation in AI.Source: LECTURE NOTES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE, vol. 14735, pp. 45-59. Washington DC, USA, 29/06 – 4/07/2024
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-60611-3_4
Metrics:
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CNR IRIS | link.springer.com | doi.org | Archivio della Ricerca - Università di Pisa | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2024
Other
Open Access
AIMH Research Activities 2024
Aloia N., Amato G., Bartalesi Lenzi V., Bianchi L., Bolettieri P., Bosio C., Carraglia M., Carrara F., Casarosa V., Cassese M., Ciampi L., Coccomini D. A., Concordia C., Connor R., Corbara S., De Martino C., Di Benedetto M., Esuli A., Falchi F., Fazzari E., Gennaro C., Iannello L., Negi K., Lagani G., Lenzi E., Leocata M., Malvaldi M., Meghini C., Messina N., Moreo Fernandez A., Nardi A., Pacini G., Pedrotti A., Pratelli N., Puccetti G., Rabitti F., Savino P., Scotti F., Sebastiani F., Sperduti G., Thanos C., Trupiano L., Vadicamo L., Vairo C., Versienti L., Volpi L.
The AIMH (Artificial Intelligence for Media and Humanities) laboratory is committed to advancing the field of Artificial Intelligence, with a special emphasis on its applications in digital media and the humanities. The lab aims to improve AI technologies, particularly in areas such as deep learning, text analysis, computer vision, multimedia information retrieval, content analysis, recognition, and retrieval. This report summarizes the laboratory’s achievements and activities over the course of 2024.DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2024/001
Metrics:
Aloia N., Amato G., Bartalesi Lenzi V., Bianchi L., Bolettieri P., Bosio C., Carraglia M., Carrara F., Casarosa V., Cassese M., Ciampi L., Coccomini D. A., Concordia C., Connor R., Corbara S., De Martino C., Di Benedetto M., Esuli A., Falchi F., Fazzari E., Gennaro C., Iannello L., Negi K., Lagani G., Lenzi E., Leocata M., Malvaldi M., Meghini C., Messina N., Moreo Fernandez A., Nardi A., Pacini G., Pedrotti A., Pratelli N., Puccetti G., Rabitti F., Savino P., Scotti F., Sebastiani F., Sperduti G., Thanos C., Trupiano L., Vadicamo L., Vairo C., Versienti L., Volpi L.
The AIMH (Artificial Intelligence for Media and Humanities) laboratory is committed to advancing the field of Artificial Intelligence, with a special emphasis on its applications in digital media and the humanities. The lab aims to improve AI technologies, particularly in areas such as deep learning, text analysis, computer vision, multimedia information retrieval, content analysis, recognition, and retrieval. This report summarizes the laboratory’s achievements and activities over the course of 2024.DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2024/001
Metrics:
2023
Other
Open Access
AIMH Research Activities 2023
Aloia N., Amato G., Bartalesi Lenzi V., Bianchi L., Bolettieri P., Bosio C., Carraglia M., Carrara F., Casarosa V., Ciampi L., Coccomini D. A., Concordia C., Corbara S., De Martino C., Di Benedetto M., Esuli A., Falchi F., Fazzari E., Gennaro C., Lagani G., Lenzi E., Meghini C., Messina N., Molinari A., Moreo Fernandez A., Nardi A., Pedrotti A., Pratelli N., Puccetti G., Rabitti F., Savino P., Sebastiani F., Sperduti G., Thanos C., Trupiano L., Vadicamo L., Vairo C., Versienti L.
The AIMH (Artificial Intelligence for Media and Humanities) laboratory is dedicated to exploring and pushing the boundaries in the field of Artificial Intelligence, with a particular focus on its application in digital media and humanities. This lab's objective is to enhance the current state of AI technology particularly on deep learning, text analysis, computer vision, multimedia information retrieval, multimedia content analysis, recognition, and retrieval. This report encapsulates the laboratory's progress and activities throughout the year 2023.DOI: https://doi.org/10.32079/isti-ar-2023/001
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2023/001
Metrics:
Aloia N., Amato G., Bartalesi Lenzi V., Bianchi L., Bolettieri P., Bosio C., Carraglia M., Carrara F., Casarosa V., Ciampi L., Coccomini D. A., Concordia C., Corbara S., De Martino C., Di Benedetto M., Esuli A., Falchi F., Fazzari E., Gennaro C., Lagani G., Lenzi E., Meghini C., Messina N., Molinari A., Moreo Fernandez A., Nardi A., Pedrotti A., Pratelli N., Puccetti G., Rabitti F., Savino P., Sebastiani F., Sperduti G., Thanos C., Trupiano L., Vadicamo L., Vairo C., Versienti L.
The AIMH (Artificial Intelligence for Media and Humanities) laboratory is dedicated to exploring and pushing the boundaries in the field of Artificial Intelligence, with a particular focus on its application in digital media and humanities. This lab's objective is to enhance the current state of AI technology particularly on deep learning, text analysis, computer vision, multimedia information retrieval, multimedia content analysis, recognition, and retrieval. This report encapsulates the laboratory's progress and activities throughout the year 2023.DOI: https://doi.org/10.32079/isti-ar-2023/001
DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2023/001
Metrics:
See at:
CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | CNR IRIS