Effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia on oxidative stress: a field study in the Alps
Mrakic-sposta S., Gussoni M., Dellanoce C., Marzorati M., Montorsi M., Rasica L., Pratali L., D'Angelo G., Martinelli M., Bastiani L., Di Natale L., Vezzoli A.
Purpose High altitude results in lower barometric pressure and hence partial pressure of O2 decrease can lead to several molecular and cellular changes, such as generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Electron Paramagnetic Resonance technique was adopted in the field, to evaluate the effects of acute and sub-acute hypobaric hypoxia (HH) on ROS production by micro-invasive method. Biological biomarkers, indicators of oxidative stress, renal function and inflammation were investigated too. Methods Fourteen lowlander subjects (mean age 27.3 ± 5.9 years) were exposed to HH at 3269 m s.l. ROS production, related oxidative damage to cellular components, systemic inflammatory response and renal function were determined through blood and urine profile performed at 1st, 2nd, 4th, 7th, and 14th days during sojourn. Results Kinetics of changes during HH exposition showed out significant (range p < 0.05-0.0001) increases that at max corresponds to 38% for ROS production rate, 140% for protein carbonyl, 44% for lipid peroxidation, 42% for DNA damage, 200% for inflammatory cytokines and modifications in renal function (assessed by neopterin concentration: 48%). Conversely, antioxidant capacity significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased - 17% at max. Conclusion This 14 days in-field study describes changes of oxidative-stress biomarkers during HH exposure in lowlanders. The results show an overproduction of ROS and consequent oxidative damage to protein, lipids and DNA with a decrease in antioxidant capacity and the involvement of inflammatory status and a transient renal dysfunction. Exposure at high altitude induces a hypoxic condition during acute and sub-acute phases accompanied by molecular adaptation mechanism indicating acclimatization.Source: European journal of applied physiology (Print) 121 (2021): 297–306. doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04527-x
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04527-x

See at: European Journal of Applied Physiology | European Journal of Applied Physiology | European Journal of Applied Physiology | European Journal of Applied Physiology | European Journal of Applied Physiology | CNR ExploRA

Progetto DiOncoGen CloudPathology - Secondo test di valutazione delle informazioni sul secondo dataset
Martinelli M., Bruno A., Moroni D.
Il presente documento fornisce i risultati del secondo test di valutazione del secondo dataset ricevuto nell'ambito del progetto DiOncoGen-CloudPathology.Source: Project report, DiOncoGen CloudPathology, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA

Barilla AgroSat+ Server, Client e Modelli
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Server, Client e Modelli del Progetto Barilla AgroSat+Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA

Ti Assisto - Sistema Informativo
Martinelli M., Deluca R., Moroni D.
Il sistema informativo, le piattaforme pregresse, privacy, requisiti

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Barilla Agrosat+ Organi, aggiornamenti, confronti
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Aggiornamenti e confronti. Progetto Barilla Agrosat+Source: ISTI Project report, AgroSat+, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA

Barilla Agrosat+ - Riorganizzazione task e nuovi modelli
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Riorganizzazione task e nuovi modelli, integrazione app mobile, sito Web, modelli di AI, progetto Barilla Agrosat+ - Presentazione draft articolo.Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

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Improving Plant Disease Classification by Adaptive Minimal Ensembling
Bruno A., Moroni D., Dainelli R., Rocchi L., Toscano P., Ferrari E., Martinelli M.
Plant disease diagnosis is a challenging and time consuming process. In recent years, the evolution of neural network technologies has made it possible to improve automatic recognition. In this article, we propose a novel method to improve the state of the art in plant disease classification. Using as baseline EfficientNet, a recent and advanced family of architectures, we have devised and applied specific design choices, namely stratification, refining validation, regularization and minimal ensembling, using specific transfer learning, optimizer and accuracy test. Our method was tested on PlanVillage as baseline, a public reference dataset used to benchmark models' performances in this domain in both its original and augmented versions, with 55,448 and 61,486 images, respectively. We noticeably improved the state of the art of PlantVillage classification by achieving zero errors in both the original and augmented dataset. In addition, the proposed method requires fewer parameters than the previous state of the art. Results shown were obtained using PyTorch to train, test and validate the models; reproducibility is granted by the provision of exhaustive details including hyperparameters used in the experimentation. A Web interface is also made publicly available to test the proposed methods.Source: ISTI Working papers, 2021

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Barilla Agrosat+ - Aggiornamento modelli e Beta release
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Aggiornamento Modelli di AI, rilascio Beta release, progetto Barilla Agrosat+ - Presentazione nuovo draft articolo.Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

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TiAssisto - Obiettivo Operativo 3
Martinelli M., Galesi G., Tampucci M., Moroni D.
Presentazione Kick-Off Meeting Bando Ricerca COVID-19 Regione Toscana - Progetto TiAssisto Obiettivo Operativo 3.Source: ISTI Project report, TIAssisto, 2021

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TiAssisto - Obiettivo Operativo 4
Martinelli M., Bruno A., Moroni D.
Presentazione Kick-Off Meeting Bando Ricerca COVID-19 Regione Toscana Progetto TiAssisto Obiettivo Operativo 4.Source: ISTI Project report, TIAssisto, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA

Barilla Agrosat+ - Insetti, aggiornamento modelli, merge, gestore richiesta, et al.
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Insetti, aggiornamento modelli, merge, gestore richiesta, et al.Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

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Mediterranean diet mitigates acute mountain sickness
Agazzi G. C., Valoti P., Bastiani L., Denoth F., Pratali Ll., D'Angelo G., Carrara B., Parigi G. B., Malanninom., Spinelli A., Calderoli A., Orizio L., Giardini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D., Martinelli M., Mrakic Sposta S.
A pilot study was conducted in the framework of the Save the Mountains initiative, an education and sustainability project, promoted by Italian Alpine Club of Bergamo, Bergamo section of the National Alpine Association, Province of Bergamo, Observatory for the Bergamasque Mountains and Alpine and Speleological Rescue. As a part of this study, an anonymous online questionnaire was designed and prepared, collecting lifestyle information (eating habits, alcohol, tobacco, sleep, exercise) of the mountaineers in order to recommend specific measures useful for staying in mountain areas and for preventing individual risk factors related to lifestyle and Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS): http://altamontagna.isti.cnr.it:8080/Stiledivita/. The study will continue the collection of questionnaire responses until at least the end of Summer 2021; at the time of writing (February 2021), 804 questionnaire responses were already collected and analyzed. The initial sample refers to the people who attended mountain huts in the Orobie Alps; then the online questionnaire form was publicly extended to other regions. About 99% of the interviewed people are Italian; the rest are Swiss, Polish, British and French people. Mean age is 48 years(+/-15), 62% males and 38% females. Only 8.8% of them answered they suffered from altitude sickness, but self-reported Lake Louise Score (LLS) classified the 21.3% of people with Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), light AMS 15,4% and severe AMS 5,8% (To assess AMS the original LLS questionnaire was used: AMS is classified as severe when a headache is present and the LLS is greater than 5, it is instead light when there is a headache and the LLS is between 3 and 5, else is normal). The Mediterranean Diet's adherence, collected as the frequency of food items consumption, was assessed by the MEDI-LITE score, a validated questionnaire, ranging from 0 to 13. In this sample, a median score of 8 was found, while the 25th percentile corresponds to a score lower than 6 and the 75th percentile to a score greater than 9. The 14% of the sample resulted in being not adherent to the Mediterranean diet, the 51% was in the mean, the 35% was adherent. This study confirms that the predisposing factor most associated with the AMS is "having had the same episode in the past" (OR 2.50, CI 1.88/3.13), having sleep disturbs (OR 1.29, CI 1.03 /1.55), age (OR -0.03, CI -0.35/-0.02). Moreover, it underlines that lifestyle is important with respect to risk to develop the AMS: actually, despite the structural limitations of surveys, this study pointed out that lifestyle contributes to mitigating the risk of developing the AMS (Mediterranean diet score OR - 0.34, CI -0.64 -> - 0.55). Gender, smoke and high physical activity are instead not significant. Future studies should investigate more deeply how lifestyle can change the impact on high altitude diseases.Source: ISMM2021 - Virtual XIII World Congress on mountain medicine, Online Conference, June 14-16, 2021

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TiAssisto - Analisi del flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina
Cicalini D., Martinelli M.
Lo scopo di questo rapporto è quello di iniziare a descrivere il flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina TiAssisto e di porre l'attenzione sui punti ancora da definire.Source: ISTI Project report, TIAssisto O.O.3, 2021

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Barilla AgroSat+ - Preparazione al "Test Day"
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Nuovi modelli di AI, progetto Barilla Agrosat+ - Conclusione articolo.Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

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TiAssisto - Analisi del flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina - Aggiornamento
Martinelli M., Bastiani L., Pratali L., Memmini S., Tomei A.
Lo scopo di questo rapporto è quello di estendere le precedenti descrizioni del flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina TiAssisto e di porre l'attenzione sui punti rimasti da definire.Source: ISTI Project report, TIAssisto O.O.3, 2021

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Effects of PC6 Nei guan stimulation on middle cerebral artery blood flow during acute normobaric hypoxia: results from a prospective crossover pilot study
Pecchio O., Martinelli M., Lupi G., Giardini G., Caligiana L., Bonin S., Scalese M., Salvetti O., Moroni D., Bastiani L.
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is significantly influenced by exposure to hypoxia, both hypobaric and normobaric. Alterations in cerebral blood flow can play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness (AMS) and its symptoms, especially headache, dizziness and nausea. Acupuncture has been proven to be effective in treating some cerebrovascular disorders and PC6 Nei Guan stimulation seems to enhance cerebral blood flow. Therefore we have hypothesized that PC6 Nei Guan stimulation could affect CBF in acute hypoxia and it could be used to contrast AMS symptoms. We evaluated blood flow in middle cerebral artery (MCA) in normoxia and after 15 minutes in normobaric hypoxia (FIO2 14% corresponding to 3,600 m.a.s.l.) in basal conditions and after PC6 Nei Guan stimulation, both by needle and by pressure. PC6 stimulation seems to counteract the effect of acute normobaric hypoxia on end-diastolic velocity (EDV) in MCA, especially after acupuncture and reduces significantly systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A re-balance of CBF could control some AMS symptoms, but further studies are necessary.Source: ISTI Working papers, 2021

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TiAssisto 0.0.3 - Analisi del flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina - Aggiornamento 26/7/2021
Bruno A., Martinelli M., Moroni D., Bastiani L., Pratali L., Cicalini D., Memmini S., Tomei A.
Descrizione del flusso di funzionamento della piattaforma di telemedicina TiAssisto: aggiornamenti ed estensioni.Source: ISTI Project report, TIAssisto O.O.3, 2021

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Progetto DIONCOGEN. Rapporto Attività CNR-ISTI
Martinelli M., Moroni D.
Progetto DIONCOGEN. Rapporto Attività CNR-ISTISource: ISTI Project report, DiOncoGen CloudPathology, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA

2021 Report Open Access

SI-Lab Annual Research Report 2020
Leone G. R., Righi M., Carboni A., Caudai C., Colantonio S., Kuruoglu E. E., Leporini B., Magrini M., Paradisi P., Pascali M. A., Pieri G., Reggiannini M., Salerno E., Scozzari A., Tonazzini A., Fusco G., Galesi G., Martinelli M., Pardini F., Tampucci M., Buongiorno R., Bruno A., Germanese D., Matarese F., Coscetti S., Coltelli P., Jalil B., Benassi A., Bertini G., Salvetti O., Moroni D.
The Signal & Images Laboratory (http://si.isti.cnr.it/) is an interdisciplinary research group in computer vision, signal analysis, smart vision systems and multimedia data understanding. It is part of the Institute for Information Science and Technologies of the National Research Council of Italy. This report accounts for the research activities of the Signal and Images Laboratory of the Institute of Information Science and Technologies during the year 2020.Source: ISTI Technical Report, ISTI-2021-TR/009, pp.1–38, 2021
DOI: 10.32079/isti-tr-2021/009

See at: ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA

Barilla Agrosat+ - Aggiornamento 09/21
Bruno A., Moroni D., Martinelli M.
Nuovi modelli, miglioramento, to-do list, situazione articolo, progetto Barilla Agrosat+Source: ISTI Project report, Barilla Agrosat+, 2021

See at: CNR ExploRA