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2026
Journal article
Open Access
ATLAS: a knowledge graph to enhance the findability of international scholarly research on the italian digital cultural heritage
Giacomini Sebastiano, Martignano Chiara, Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia, Buzzoni Marina, Daquino Marilena, Del Gratta Riccardo, Del Grosso Angelo Mario, Fischer Franz, Rosselli Del Turco Roberto, Tomasi Francesca
In recent years, the abundance of scholarly information has requested constant development and revision of standardized models and shared guidelines. Based on these frameworks, the Digital Humanities (DH) landscape is represented in a variety of aggregators expected to enhance research data findability while promoting use and reuse. However, current semantic models fail to capture the specificity of DH research products, hindering data discovery and hampering the valorisation of Cultural Heritage. The ATLAS project addresses these key challenges by developing a unified framework for describing and aggregating scholarly outputs, particularly in the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage domain. This paper presents the initial versions of the ATLAS Ontology and Knowledge Graph, designed to model DH outcomes such as Digital Scholarly Editions, text collections, Linked Open Data, ontologies, and software. In so doing, ATLAS aims to enhance resource findability and reuse, paving the way for improved interoperability and future advancements in the field.Source: UMANISTICA DIGITALE, pp. 45-76
DOI: 10.60923/issn.2532-8816/21765
Project(s): The Atlas of Digital Humanities Research on the Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
Giacomini Sebastiano, Martignano Chiara, Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia, Buzzoni Marina, Daquino Marilena, Del Gratta Riccardo, Del Grosso Angelo Mario, Fischer Franz, Rosselli Del Turco Roberto, Tomasi Francesca
In recent years, the abundance of scholarly information has requested constant development and revision of standardized models and shared guidelines. Based on these frameworks, the Digital Humanities (DH) landscape is represented in a variety of aggregators expected to enhance research data findability while promoting use and reuse. However, current semantic models fail to capture the specificity of DH research products, hindering data discovery and hampering the valorisation of Cultural Heritage. The ATLAS project addresses these key challenges by developing a unified framework for describing and aggregating scholarly outputs, particularly in the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage domain. This paper presents the initial versions of the ATLAS Ontology and Knowledge Graph, designed to model DH outcomes such as Digital Scholarly Editions, text collections, Linked Open Data, ontologies, and software. In so doing, ATLAS aims to enhance resource findability and reuse, paving the way for improved interoperability and future advancements in the field.Source: UMANISTICA DIGITALE, pp. 45-76
DOI: 10.60923/issn.2532-8816/21765
Project(s): The Atlas of Digital Humanities Research on the Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
See at:
Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna 
| Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna | CNR IRIS | Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna | Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari 
| Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università degli Studi di Venezia Ca' Foscari | CNR IRIS
2026
Other
Open Access
Knowledge graphs in AI-powered research support tools
Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), has transformed the landscape of research support systems. Contemporary tools increasingly aim to augment researchers capabilities across the entire research lifecycle, including literature discovery, hypothesis generation, conceptual modeling, and synthesis. In parallel, the integration of structured knowledge sources such as Knowledge Graphs (KGs) has emerged as a promising approach to improve reliability, transparency, and explainability. Despite this proliferation of AI powered tools, a systematic understanding of their architectural choices, data strategies, reasoning capabilities and how many of them leverage KGs remains limited. This survey tries to investigate this gap addressing the following research questions: 1. To what extent do AI research support tools rely on KGs? 2. How many tools are conversational and capable of reasoning over data and which paradigms do they adopt? 3. What proportion of tools are free and open source and adopt open models and KGs? 4. What is the origin of these tools (academia, industry, or hybrid initiatives) Results highlight a fragmented but rapidly evolving ecosystem. While LLM driven conversational interfaces are becoming the norm, deeper integration with structured knowledge and explicit reasoning mechanisms remains underdeveloped. The limited adoption of open KGs and the prevalence of proprietary infrastructures raise concerns regarding transparency, reproducibility, and FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) compliance. Future research should focus on hybrid neuro-symbolic architectures, open data integration, and open, reproducible toolchains to better support trustworthy and explainable research workflows.
Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia
The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), has transformed the landscape of research support systems. Contemporary tools increasingly aim to augment researchers capabilities across the entire research lifecycle, including literature discovery, hypothesis generation, conceptual modeling, and synthesis. In parallel, the integration of structured knowledge sources such as Knowledge Graphs (KGs) has emerged as a promising approach to improve reliability, transparency, and explainability. Despite this proliferation of AI powered tools, a systematic understanding of their architectural choices, data strategies, reasoning capabilities and how many of them leverage KGs remains limited. This survey tries to investigate this gap addressing the following research questions: 1. To what extent do AI research support tools rely on KGs? 2. How many tools are conversational and capable of reasoning over data and which paradigms do they adopt? 3. What proportion of tools are free and open source and adopt open models and KGs? 4. What is the origin of these tools (academia, industry, or hybrid initiatives) Results highlight a fragmented but rapidly evolving ecosystem. While LLM driven conversational interfaces are becoming the norm, deeper integration with structured knowledge and explicit reasoning mechanisms remains underdeveloped. The limited adoption of open KGs and the prevalence of proprietary infrastructures raise concerns regarding transparency, reproducibility, and FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) compliance. Future research should focus on hybrid neuro-symbolic architectures, open data integration, and open, reproducible toolchains to better support trustworthy and explainable research workflows.
See at:
CNR IRIS | log26pisa.github.io | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2026
Conference article
Open Access
Enhancing interoperability of SPARQL endpoints: RESTful and OAI-PMH API for the DH-ATLAS project
Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia, Del Gratta Riccardo, Del Grosso Angelo Mario
Digital repositories leveraging RDF and Linked Data for Cultural Heritage metadata face a critical challenge: their native SPARQL endpoints often create silos because major aggregators rely on the OAI-PMH protocol for harvesting, and developers prefer RESTful APIs. This divergence undermines the visibility and FAIRness (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) of scholarly resources. This paper details the unified access strategy implemented for the DH-ATLAS project, which generated an Ontology and Knowledge Graph focused on Italian Digital Cultural Heritage research. To ensure broad dissemination and resource reuse without duplicating data, DH-ATLAS developed two configurable and modular software components to implement compatibility with the OpenAIRE guidelines and REST clients. Together, these components establish a cohesive and reusable solution for integrating semantic repositories with diverse metadata consumers, promoting the long-term sustainability and broader accessibility of the DH-ATLAS Knowledge Graph and serving as a model for other RDF infrastructures.Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Rubin Giorgia, Bardi Alessia, Del Gratta Riccardo, Del Grosso Angelo Mario
Digital repositories leveraging RDF and Linked Data for Cultural Heritage metadata face a critical challenge: their native SPARQL endpoints often create silos because major aggregators rely on the OAI-PMH protocol for harvesting, and developers prefer RESTful APIs. This divergence undermines the visibility and FAIRness (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) of scholarly resources. This paper details the unified access strategy implemented for the DH-ATLAS project, which generated an Ontology and Knowledge Graph focused on Italian Digital Cultural Heritage research. To ensure broad dissemination and resource reuse without duplicating data, DH-ATLAS developed two configurable and modular software components to implement compatibility with the OpenAIRE guidelines and REST clients. Together, these components establish a cohesive and reusable solution for integrating semantic repositories with diverse metadata consumers, promoting the long-term sustainability and broader accessibility of the DH-ATLAS Knowledge Graph and serving as a model for other RDF infrastructures.Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
See at:
CNR IRIS | ircdl2026.unimore.it | CNR IRIS
2025
Conference article
Open Access
ATLAS: a data model for describing FAIR Digital Humanities research outcomes
Martignano C., Rubin G., Giacomini S., Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Rosselli Del Turco R., Tomasi F.
This paper addresses the challenges of cataloguing and representing Digital Humanities (DH) research outputs within the framework of FAIR principles. Despite advancements in Semantic Web technologies and data aggregators, the scholarly community still lacks unified frameworks and domain-specific models to describe heterogeneous outputs such as digital editions, textual collections, and other scholarly resources published as Linked Open Data. The ATLAS project proposes an ontology and a knowledge graph to bridge these gaps. The methodology includes metadata modeling based on existing frameworks and novel extensions, supported by pilot studies on the Italian cultural heritage. The project, currently in its initial version, aims to enhance metadata interoperability and data accessibility, contributing to the optimization of cataloguing practices and the development of guidelines for the discovery and reuse of DH resources while providing a model applicable beyond the Italian context.Source: QUADERNI DI UMANISTICA DIGITALE, pp. 440-447. Verona, Italy, 11-13/06/2025
DOI: 10.6092/unibo/amsacta/8380
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
Martignano C., Rubin G., Giacomini S., Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Rosselli Del Turco R., Tomasi F.
This paper addresses the challenges of cataloguing and representing Digital Humanities (DH) research outputs within the framework of FAIR principles. Despite advancements in Semantic Web technologies and data aggregators, the scholarly community still lacks unified frameworks and domain-specific models to describe heterogeneous outputs such as digital editions, textual collections, and other scholarly resources published as Linked Open Data. The ATLAS project proposes an ontology and a knowledge graph to bridge these gaps. The methodology includes metadata modeling based on existing frameworks and novel extensions, supported by pilot studies on the Italian cultural heritage. The project, currently in its initial version, aims to enhance metadata interoperability and data accessibility, contributing to the optimization of cataloguing practices and the development of guidelines for the discovery and reuse of DH resources while providing a model applicable beyond the Italian context.Source: QUADERNI DI UMANISTICA DIGITALE, pp. 440-447. Verona, Italy, 11-13/06/2025
DOI: 10.6092/unibo/amsacta/8380
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
See at:
amsacta.unibo.it | CNR IRIS | AMS Acta | CNR IRIS
2025
Conference article
Open Access
ATLAS: Towards a knowledge graph of international scholarly research on the Italian digital cultural heritage
Giacomini S., Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Martignano C., Rosselli Del Turco R., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
In recent years, the abundance of available scholarly information has requested constant development and revision of standardized models and shared guidelines. Based on these frameworks, the Digital Humanities (DH) landscape features a variety of aggregators expected to enhance research data findability while promoting use and reuse. However, current semantic models fail to capture the specificity of DH research products, hindering data discovery and hampering the valorisation of Cultural Heritage. The ATLAS project addresses these key challenges by developing a unified framework for describing and aggregating scholarly outputs, particularly in the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage domain. This paper presents the initial versions of the ATLAS Ontology and Knowledge Graph, designed to model DH outcomes such as Digital Scholarly Editions, text collections, Linked Open Data, ontologies, and software. In so doing, ATLAS aims to enhance resource findability and reuse, paving the way for improved interoperability and future advancements in the field.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS, vol. 3937. Udine, Italy, February 20–21, 2025
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Giacomini S., Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Martignano C., Rosselli Del Turco R., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
In recent years, the abundance of available scholarly information has requested constant development and revision of standardized models and shared guidelines. Based on these frameworks, the Digital Humanities (DH) landscape features a variety of aggregators expected to enhance research data findability while promoting use and reuse. However, current semantic models fail to capture the specificity of DH research products, hindering data discovery and hampering the valorisation of Cultural Heritage. The ATLAS project addresses these key challenges by developing a unified framework for describing and aggregating scholarly outputs, particularly in the Italian Digital Cultural Heritage domain. This paper presents the initial versions of the ATLAS Ontology and Knowledge Graph, designed to model DH outcomes such as Digital Scholarly Editions, text collections, Linked Open Data, ontologies, and software. In so doing, ATLAS aims to enhance resource findability and reuse, paving the way for improved interoperability and future advancements in the field.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS, vol. 3937. Udine, Italy, February 20–21, 2025
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
See at:
ceur-ws.org | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2025
Other
Open Access
DH ATLAS: White book v1.2
Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Giacomini S., Rosselli Del Turco R., Martignano C., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
The DH ATLAS whitebook presents the ATLAS catalogue and its underlying data model and provides guidelines and best practices for producing "FAIR" (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) scholarly outputs in Digital Humanities and enhancing Italian digital cultural heritage.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1492526
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1492527
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Giacomini S., Rosselli Del Turco R., Martignano C., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
The DH ATLAS whitebook presents the ATLAS catalogue and its underlying data model and provides guidelines and best practices for producing "FAIR" (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) scholarly outputs in Digital Humanities and enhancing Italian digital cultural heritage.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1492526
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1492527
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
See at:
ZENODO | ZENODO | CNR IRIS | zenodo.org | CNR IRIS
2025
Conference article
Open Access
FAIR Digital Humanities scholarly metadata. The ATLAS project
Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Giacomini S., Martignano C., Rosselli Del Turco R., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
This paper was presented at the Workshop on Open Citations and Open Scholarly Metadata (WOOC 2025), held in Bologna on 28–29 May 2025. It is included in the official workshop proceedings and contributes to ongoing discussions around open infrastructures, citation data, and scholarly metadata interoperability.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16366692
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
Bardi A., Buzzoni M., Daquino M., Del Gratta R., Del Grosso A. M., Fischer F., Giacomini S., Martignano C., Rosselli Del Turco R., Rubin G., Tomasi F.
This paper was presented at the Workshop on Open Citations and Open Scholarly Metadata (WOOC 2025), held in Bologna on 28–29 May 2025. It is included in the official workshop proceedings and contributes to ongoing discussions around open infrastructures, citation data, and scholarly metadata interoperability.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16366692
Project(s): The ATLAS of Italian Digital Humanities: a dynamic knowledge graph of digital scholarly research on Italian Cultural Heritage
Metrics:
See at:
CNR IRIS | zenodo.org | CNR IRIS