2015
Journal article
Open Access
Science vs Conspiracy: Collective Narratives in the Age of Misinformation
Bessi A., Coletto M., Davidescu G. A., Scala A., Caldarelli G., Quattrociocchi W.
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks FOS: Computer and information sciences Physics - Physics and Society Social and Information Networks (cs.SI) Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC) Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction Viral Misinformation FOS: Physical sciences Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) Research Article Multidisciplinary
The large availability of user provided contents on online social media facilitates people aggregation around shared beliefs, interests, worldviews and narratives. In spite of the enthusiastic rhetoric about the so called collective intelligence unsubstantiated rumors and conspiracy theories--e.g., chemtrails, reptilians or the Illuminati--are pervasive in online social networks (OSN). In this work we study, on a sample of 1.2 million of individuals, how information related to very distinct narratives--i.e. main stream scientific and conspiracy news--are consumed and shape communities on Facebook. Our results show that polarized communities emerge around distinct types of contents and usual consumers of conspiracy news result to be more focused and self-contained on their specific contents. To test potential biases induced by the continued exposure to unsubstantiated rumors on users' content selection, we conclude our analysis measuring how users respond to 4,709 troll information--i.e. parodistic and sarcastic imitation of conspiracy theories. We find that 77.92% of likes and 80.86% of comments are from users usually interacting with conspiracy stories.
Source: PloS one 10 (2015). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118093
Publisher: Public Library of Science, San Francisco, CA , Stati Uniti d'America
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46. Webster DM, Kruglanski AW (1994) Individual di erences in need for cognitive closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67: 1049{1062.
47. Blondel VD, Guillaume JL, Lambiotte R, Lefebvre E (2008). Fast unfolding of community hierarchies in large networks. URL http://arxiv.org/abs/0803.0476. 0803.0476.
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49. Atran S, Ginges J (2012) Religious and sacred imperatives in human con ict. Science 336: 855{857.
50. Lewandowsky S, Cook J, Oberauer K, Marriott M (2013) Recursive fury: Conspiracist ideation in the blogosphere in response to research on conspiracist ideation. Frontiers in Psychology 4.
2 Rojecki A, Meraz S (2014) Rumors and factitious informational blends: The role of the web in speculative politics. New Media and Society. 10.1177/1461444814535724
3 Allpost G, Postman L (1946) An analysis of rumor. Public Opinion Quarterly 10: 501–517. 10.1086/265813
4 Kuklinski JH, Quirk PJ, Jerit J, Schwieder D, Rich RF (2000) Misinformation and the currency of democratic citizenship. The Journal of Politics 62: 790–816. 10.1111/0022-3816.00033
5 Bessi A, Caldarelli G, Del Vicario M, Scala A, Quattrociocchi W (2014) Social determinants of content selection in the age of (mis)information. In: Aiello L, McFarland D, editors, Social Informatics, Springer International Publishing, volume 8851 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science pp. 259–268. URL 10.1007/978-3-319-13734-6_18
6 Sunstein CR, Vermeule A (2009) Conspiracy theories: Causes and cures. Journal of Political Philosophy 17: 202–227. 10.1111/j.1467-9760.2008.00325.x
7 McKelvey K, Menczer F (2013) Truthy: Enabling the study of online social networks. In: Proc. CSCW’13. URL http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.4565.
8 Meade M, Roediger H (2002) Explorations in the s ocial contagion of memory. Memory & Cognition 30: 995–1009. 10.3758/BF03194318 12507365
9 Mann C, Stewart F (2000) Internet Communication and Qualitative Research: A Handbook for Researching Online (New Technologies for Social Research series). Sage Publications Ltd.
10 Garrett RK, Weeks BE (2013) The promise and peril of real-time corrections to political misperceptions In: Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work. New York, NY, USA: ACM, CSCW’13, pp. 1047–1058. URL http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2441776.2441895
11 Buckingham Shum S, Aberer K, Schmidt A, Bishop S, Lukowicz P. (2012) Towards a global participatory platform. The European Physical Journal Special Topics 214: 109–152. 10.1140/epjst/e2012-01690-3
12 Centola D (2010) The spread of behavior in an online social network experiment. Science 329: 1194–1197. 10.1126/science.1185231 20813952
13 Paolucci M, Eymann T, Jager W, Sabater-Mir J, Conte R, et al (2009) Social Knowledge for e-Governance: Theory and Technology of Reputation. Roma: ISTC-CNR.
14 Quattrociocchi W, Conte R, Lodi E (2011) Opinions manipulation: Media, power and gossip. Advances in Complex Systems 14: 567–586. 10.1142/S0219525911003165
15 Quattrociocchi W, Paolucci M, Conte R (2009) On the effects of informational cheating on social evaluations: image and reputation through gossip. IJKL 5: 457–471. 10.1504/IJKL.2009.031509
16 Bekkers V, Beunders H, Edwards A, Moody R (2011) New media, micromobilization, and political agenda setting: Crossover effects in political mobilization and media usage. The Information Society 27: 209–219. 10.1080/01972243.2011.583812
17 Quattrociocchi W, Caldarelli G, Scala A (2014) Opinion dynamics on interacting networks: media competition and social influence. Scientific Reports 4 10.1038/srep04938 24861995
18 Byford J (2011) Conspiracy Theories: A Critical Introduction. Palgrave Macmillan URL http://books.google.it/books?id=vV-UhrQaoecC
19 Fine G, Campion-Vincent V, Heath C Rumor Mills: The Social Impact of Rumor and Legend Social problems and social issues. Transaction Publishers URL http://books.google.it/books?id=dADxBwgCF5MC
20 Hogg M, Blaylock D (2011) Extremism and the Psychology of Uncertainty Black-well/Claremont Applied Social Psychology Series. Wiley URL http://books.google.it/books?id=GTgBQ3TPwpAC
21 Bauer M (1997) Resistance to New Technology: Nuclear Power, Information Technology and Biotechnology. Cambridge University Press URL http://books.google.it/books?id=WqlRXkxS36cC
22 Surowiecki J (2005) The Wisdom of Crowds: Why the Many Are Smarter Than the Few. Abacus URL http://books.google.it/books?id=\_EqBQgAACAAJ
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BibTeX entry
@article{oai:it.cnr:prodotti:319708,
title = {Science vs Conspiracy: Collective Narratives in the Age of Misinformation},
author = {Bessi A. and Coletto M. and Davidescu G. A. and Scala A. and Caldarelli G. and Quattrociocchi W.},
publisher = {Public Library of Science, San Francisco, CA , Stati Uniti d'America},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0118093 and 10.48550/arxiv.1408.1667},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {10},
year = {2015}
}
0000-0002-2852-8371
