2013
Journal article
Open Access
Effective monitoring of landfills: flux measurements and thermography enhance efficiency and reduce environmental impact
Battaglini R., Raco B., Scozzari A.
This work presents a methodology for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system in terms of biogas release to the atmosphere. Despite the various positions towards the impact of methane on global warming, there is a general agreement about the fact that methane from landfill represents about 23% of the total anthropogenic CH4 released to the atmosphere. Despite the importance of this topic, no internationally accepted protocol exists to quantify the leakage of biogas from the landfill cover. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a field method based on accumulation chamber flux measurements. In addition, the results obtained from a nine-year-long monitoring activity on an Italian municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill are presented. The connection between such flux measurements of biogas release and thermal anomalies detected by infrared radiometry is also discussed. The main overall benefit of the presented approach is a significant increase in the recovered energy from the landfill site by means of an optimal collection of biogas, which implies a reduction of the total anthropogenic methane originated from the disposal of waste.Source: Journal of geophysics and engineering (Print) 10 (2013): 064002–0640015. doi:10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
DOI: 10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
Metrics:
Battaglini R., Raco B., Scozzari A.
This work presents a methodology for estimating the behaviour of a landfill system in terms of biogas release to the atmosphere. Despite the various positions towards the impact of methane on global warming, there is a general agreement about the fact that methane from landfill represents about 23% of the total anthropogenic CH4 released to the atmosphere. Despite the importance of this topic, no internationally accepted protocol exists to quantify the leakage of biogas from the landfill cover. To achieve this goal, this paper presents a field method based on accumulation chamber flux measurements. In addition, the results obtained from a nine-year-long monitoring activity on an Italian municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill are presented. The connection between such flux measurements of biogas release and thermal anomalies detected by infrared radiometry is also discussed. The main overall benefit of the presented approach is a significant increase in the recovered energy from the landfill site by means of an optimal collection of biogas, which implies a reduction of the total anthropogenic methane originated from the disposal of waste.Source: Journal of geophysics and engineering (Print) 10 (2013): 064002–0640015. doi:10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
DOI: 10.1088/1742-2132/10/6/064002
Metrics:
See at:
Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 
| iopscience.iop.org 
| CNR ExploRA
2016
Contribution to book
Open Access
Non-conventional electrochemical and optical sensor systems
Di Natale C., Dini F., Scozzari A.
Electroanalytical methods are a common tool for the assessment of chemical peculiarities of aqueous solutions. Also, the analysis of water based on optical sensors is a mature field of research, which already led to industrial applications and standard laboratory practices. Nevertheless, scientific literature is still offering new sensor techniques and innovative measurement approaches in both fields. In particular, for fast characterisation of liquids and change detection applications in a continuous monitoring context, the technology of taste sensors based on electrochemical techniques is still witnessing a growing interest. Such devices are often defined as "electronic tongues" or "e-tongues". In addition, emerging inexpensive and portable devices with optical-sensing capabilities can be used for monitoring applications with a novel approach. This chapter gives an overview of recent techniques developed in both fields and presents several potential applications and case studies that deal with the context of water quality assessment. A brief introduction about the basics of each measurement technology, even if not exhaustive, is also provided.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by A. Scozzari, E. Dotsika. London: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2013_254
Metrics:
Di Natale C., Dini F., Scozzari A.
Electroanalytical methods are a common tool for the assessment of chemical peculiarities of aqueous solutions. Also, the analysis of water based on optical sensors is a mature field of research, which already led to industrial applications and standard laboratory practices. Nevertheless, scientific literature is still offering new sensor techniques and innovative measurement approaches in both fields. In particular, for fast characterisation of liquids and change detection applications in a continuous monitoring context, the technology of taste sensors based on electrochemical techniques is still witnessing a growing interest. Such devices are often defined as "electronic tongues" or "e-tongues". In addition, emerging inexpensive and portable devices with optical-sensing capabilities can be used for monitoring applications with a novel approach. This chapter gives an overview of recent techniques developed in both fields and presents several potential applications and case studies that deal with the context of water quality assessment. A brief introduction about the basics of each measurement technology, even if not exhaustive, is also provided.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control, edited by A. Scozzari, E. Dotsika. London: Springer, 2016
DOI: 10.1007/698_2013_254
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | link.springer.com | CNR ExploRA
2014
Contribution to book
Restricted
Pollution detection by electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods: an introductory note with case studies
Manstein Y., Scozzari A.
This chapter introduces the combined usage of electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods for the assessment of soil pollution at shallow depths, with a particular focus on situations of potential contamination of groundwater. After a brief introduction of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, three case studies are presented, dealing with potential threats to groundwater resources, in which the synergic usage of ERT and EMI permitted effective investigations about the contamination status and possible threats.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources. Berlin: Springer, 2014
DOI: 10.1007/698_2014_277
Metrics:
Manstein Y., Scozzari A.
This chapter introduces the combined usage of electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity methods for the assessment of soil pollution at shallow depths, with a particular focus on situations of potential contamination of groundwater. After a brief introduction of the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and the electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques, three case studies are presented, dealing with potential threats to groundwater resources, in which the synergic usage of ERT and EMI permitted effective investigations about the contamination status and possible threats.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources. Berlin: Springer, 2014
DOI: 10.1007/698_2014_277
Metrics:
See at:
doi.org | link.springer.com | CNR ExploRA
2015
Conference article
Open Access
Non-invasive measurements for shallow depth soil exploration: Development and application of an electromagnetic induction instrument
Manstein Yu. A., Manstein A. K., Balkov E., Panin G., Scozzari A.
Sounding with alternating electromagnetic fields has gained a growing attention and a broad usage during the last three decades, including Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction (FD-EMI) sounding methods. The development of an instrument is briefly illustrated in this work, and experiences made by using frequency-domain EMI soundings for geophysical applications are shown. The contexts of environmental monitoring and archaeological research are included in the presented case studies, in order to assess the capability of the approach in such operative frameworks.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1395–1399, Pisa, Italy, 11-14 May 2015
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2015.7151479
Metrics:
Manstein Yu. A., Manstein A. K., Balkov E., Panin G., Scozzari A.
Sounding with alternating electromagnetic fields has gained a growing attention and a broad usage during the last three decades, including Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction (FD-EMI) sounding methods. The development of an instrument is briefly illustrated in this work, and experiences made by using frequency-domain EMI soundings for geophysical applications are shown. The contexts of environmental monitoring and archaeological research are included in the presented case studies, in order to assess the capability of the approach in such operative frameworks.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1395–1399, Pisa, Italy, 11-14 May 2015
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2015.7151479
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2015
Contribution to book
Open Access
Introduction
Scozzari A, Dotsika E.
Groundwater is the only source of water supply for some countries in the world and the main source for many other countries. Especially in the European Union and in the United States of America, the role of high-quality groundwater is fundamental for the drinking water supply, and this is true also for some countries in Asia, Africa and Australia. Thus, in a growing number of contexts, safeguarding drinking water supplies is strictly linked with the protection of local groundwater resources. The usage of groundwater for irrigation has also a relevant share in many countries, sometimes contributing to stress the resource. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability and the individuation of potential hazards are thus becoming common and often compelling issues. Given this particular background, this introductory chapter illustrates the motivational framework of this book and outlines its contents.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources : prevention and control, pp. 1–11. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2015
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_416
Metrics:
Scozzari A, Dotsika E.
Groundwater is the only source of water supply for some countries in the world and the main source for many other countries. Especially in the European Union and in the United States of America, the role of high-quality groundwater is fundamental for the drinking water supply, and this is true also for some countries in Asia, Africa and Australia. Thus, in a growing number of contexts, safeguarding drinking water supplies is strictly linked with the protection of local groundwater resources. The usage of groundwater for irrigation has also a relevant share in many countries, sometimes contributing to stress the resource. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability and the individuation of potential hazards are thus becoming common and often compelling issues. Given this particular background, this introductory chapter illustrates the motivational framework of this book and outlines its contents.Source: Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources : prevention and control, pp. 1–11. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2015
DOI: 10.1007/698_2015_416
Metrics:
See at:
link.springer.com | CNR ExploRA
2016
Journal article
Open Access
Measurement of liquid film distribution in near-horizontal pipes with an array of wire probes
Andreussi P., Pitton E., Ciandri P., Picciaia D., Vignali A., Margarone M., Scozzari A.
A test section consisting of a circumferential array of conductance probes has been developed to measure the thickness distribution around the pipe wall of a liquid layer flowing in near horizontal pipes. When the film thickness is known, the array can be employed to measure the local film flow rate by injecting a high conductivity tracer into the liquid flowing at pipe wall.The test section consists of a short pipe made of a non-conducting material installed in a flow rig designed to operate at an appreciable pressure (40 bar). The flow loop is made of metallic pipes connected to the electrical earth. The conductance probes are made of three parallel, rigid wires spaced along the flow direction and are used to measure the height or the electrical conductivity of the liquid layer. The three-electrode geometry is aimed at minimizing current losses toward earth. The simultaneous operation of all the probes of the array, without multiplexing, allows a substantial reduction of current dispersion and a good circumferential resolution of film thickness or conductivity measurements. The probe geometry may generate an appreciable disturbance to the gas-liquid interface. This aspect of the proposed method has been studied with an experimental and numerical investigation relative to free falling liquid layers.Source: Flow measurement and instrumentation 47 (2016): 71–82. doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.12.007
DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.12.007
Metrics:
Andreussi P., Pitton E., Ciandri P., Picciaia D., Vignali A., Margarone M., Scozzari A.
A test section consisting of a circumferential array of conductance probes has been developed to measure the thickness distribution around the pipe wall of a liquid layer flowing in near horizontal pipes. When the film thickness is known, the array can be employed to measure the local film flow rate by injecting a high conductivity tracer into the liquid flowing at pipe wall.The test section consists of a short pipe made of a non-conducting material installed in a flow rig designed to operate at an appreciable pressure (40 bar). The flow loop is made of metallic pipes connected to the electrical earth. The conductance probes are made of three parallel, rigid wires spaced along the flow direction and are used to measure the height or the electrical conductivity of the liquid layer. The three-electrode geometry is aimed at minimizing current losses toward earth. The simultaneous operation of all the probes of the array, without multiplexing, allows a substantial reduction of current dispersion and a good circumferential resolution of film thickness or conductivity measurements. The probe geometry may generate an appreciable disturbance to the gas-liquid interface. This aspect of the proposed method has been studied with an experimental and numerical investigation relative to free falling liquid layers.Source: Flow measurement and instrumentation 47 (2016): 71–82. doi:10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.12.007
DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.12.007
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | Flow Measurement and Instrumentation | www.sciencedirect.com | CNR ExploRA
2016
Contribution to book
Open Access
Threats to the Quality of Groundwater Resources: Prevention and Control
Scozzari A., Dotsika E.
This book focuses on scientific and technological aspects of groundwater-resources assessment and surveillance. It describes relevant risks and investigates selected techniques for the monitoring and mitigation of the individuated threats to groundwater quality. The authors discuss the concepts of groundwater-resources protection and offer examples of both geogenic and anthropogenic degradation of groundwater quality, such as heavy metals from mining activities and natural water-rock interactions, as well as risk of contamination due to geological CO2 storage practices etc. The volume also covers non-invasive monitoring techniques and briefly addresses innovative sensor technologies for the online assessment of water quality. Furthermore, the role played by geochemical techniques, the potential of environmental isotopes and the support provided by physical modelling are highlighted. The chapters guide the reader through various viewpoints, according to the diverse disciplines involved, without aiming to be exhaustive, but instead picking representative topics for their relevance in the context of groundwater protection and control. This book will be of interest to advanced students, researchers, policy-makers and stakeholders at various levels.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-48596-5
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Dotsika E.
This book focuses on scientific and technological aspects of groundwater-resources assessment and surveillance. It describes relevant risks and investigates selected techniques for the monitoring and mitigation of the individuated threats to groundwater quality. The authors discuss the concepts of groundwater-resources protection and offer examples of both geogenic and anthropogenic degradation of groundwater quality, such as heavy metals from mining activities and natural water-rock interactions, as well as risk of contamination due to geological CO2 storage practices etc. The volume also covers non-invasive monitoring techniques and briefly addresses innovative sensor technologies for the online assessment of water quality. Furthermore, the role played by geochemical techniques, the potential of environmental isotopes and the support provided by physical modelling are highlighted. The chapters guide the reader through various viewpoints, according to the diverse disciplines involved, without aiming to be exhaustive, but instead picking representative topics for their relevance in the context of groundwater protection and control. This book will be of interest to advanced students, researchers, policy-makers and stakeholders at various levels.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-48596-5
Metrics:
See at:
link.springer.com | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2016
Conference article
Open Access
Development of an online measurement apparatus for the study of stratified flow in near-horizontal pipes
Scozzari A., Andreussi P., Picciaia D.
There is a high industrial interest today in the development of accurate measurement techniques to support the modelling of gas-liquid flow phenomena. When dealing with stratified flow in horizontal or inclined pipes, the main problem is that in the range of medium to large gas velocities there are very few data available for the development or validation of flow models. These data should include the measurement of the pressure gradient, the circumferential liquid film distribution, the liquid hold-up and the fraction of entrained droplets. This work describes the development and experimentation of a measurement set-up for generating these data at flow conditions as close as possible to those of industrial interest, in terms of pipe diameter and physical properties of the fluid. This paper focuses on the measurement technique, which is based on conductivity measurements by arrays of needle-shaped electrodes, and illustrates one practical implementation and its validation.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1155–1160, Taipei, Taiwan, 23-26 May 2016
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520531
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Andreussi P., Picciaia D.
There is a high industrial interest today in the development of accurate measurement techniques to support the modelling of gas-liquid flow phenomena. When dealing with stratified flow in horizontal or inclined pipes, the main problem is that in the range of medium to large gas velocities there are very few data available for the development or validation of flow models. These data should include the measurement of the pressure gradient, the circumferential liquid film distribution, the liquid hold-up and the fraction of entrained droplets. This work describes the development and experimentation of a measurement set-up for generating these data at flow conditions as close as possible to those of industrial interest, in terms of pipe diameter and physical properties of the fluid. This paper focuses on the measurement technique, which is based on conductivity measurements by arrays of needle-shaped electrodes, and illustrates one practical implementation and its validation.Source: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, pp. 1155–1160, Taipei, Taiwan, 23-26 May 2016
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2016.7520531
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2017
Conference article
Open Access
Making use of continuous measurements for change detection purposes: an application to water distribution networks
Scozzari A., Brozzo G.
The monitoring and control of industrial processes often requires the capability to identify particular patterns in a set of acquired measurements. One of the most recurrent applications consists in the detection of changes and the related minimization of false alarms. This requirement is true also when dealing with natural systems. The monitoring of a natural resource usually involves the identification of a set of parameters, which are considered as representative of its underlining processes, in order to extract useful information about its current status and its expected behavior. This work is focused on the water resources destined to the drinkable water distribution, paying attention to two particular aspects: i) the need for a suitable metric to detect anomalous values in the assessment of water quality indicators; ii) the experimentation of a simplified data-driven strategy to estimate natural variations of one or more indicators, in order to mitigate false alarms. This paper proposes a preliminary investigation and a selected case study, in order to exemplify one practical implementation of the proposed approach. The possible application to a context of low-cost distributed sensors is also briefly discussed.Source: I2MTC 2017 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Torino, Italy, 22-25 May 2017
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2017.7969738
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Brozzo G.
The monitoring and control of industrial processes often requires the capability to identify particular patterns in a set of acquired measurements. One of the most recurrent applications consists in the detection of changes and the related minimization of false alarms. This requirement is true also when dealing with natural systems. The monitoring of a natural resource usually involves the identification of a set of parameters, which are considered as representative of its underlining processes, in order to extract useful information about its current status and its expected behavior. This work is focused on the water resources destined to the drinkable water distribution, paying attention to two particular aspects: i) the need for a suitable metric to detect anomalous values in the assessment of water quality indicators; ii) the experimentation of a simplified data-driven strategy to estimate natural variations of one or more indicators, in order to mitigate false alarms. This paper proposes a preliminary investigation and a selected case study, in order to exemplify one practical implementation of the proposed approach. The possible application to a context of low-cost distributed sensors is also briefly discussed.Source: I2MTC 2017 - IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Torino, Italy, 22-25 May 2017
DOI: 10.1109/i2mtc.2017.7969738
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2019
Journal article
Open Access
Effects of climate change on the design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers in arid/semi-arid regions: case study of the Nile delta
Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G. A. H., Straface S., Scozzari A.
The influence of climate change on the availability and quality of both surface- and ground-water resources is well recognized nowadays. In particular, the mitigation of saline water intrusion mechanisms in coastal aquifers is a recurrent environmental issue. In the case of the Nile delta, the presence of sea level rise and the perspective of other human-induced stressors, such as the next operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, are threats to be taken into account for guaranteeing resilient agricultural practices within the future possible scenarios. Subsurface drainage offers a practical solution to the problem of upward artesian water movement and the simultaneous downward flow of excess irrigation water, to mitigate the salinization in the root zone. Subsurface draining systems can contribute to mitigate the vulnerability to climate change and to the increased anthropic pressure insofar they are able to receive the incremented flow rate due to the foreseen scenarios of sea level rise, recharge and subsidence. This paper introduces a rational design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers, taking into account the increment of flow in the draining pipes due to future possible conditions of sea level rise, artificial recharge and subsidence within time horizons that are compatible with the expected lifespan of a buried drainage system. The approach proposed in this paper is characterized by the assessment of the incremental flow through the drains as a function of various possible scenarios at different time horizons. Our calculations show that the impact on the discharge into the existing subsurface drainage system under the new foreseen conditions is anything but negligible. Thus, future climate-related scenarios deeply impact the design of such hydraulic structures, and must be taken into account in the frame of the next water management strategies for safeguarding agricultural activities in the Nile delta and in similar coastal contexts.Source: Science of the total environment 672 (2019): 283–295. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.483
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.483
Metrics:
Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G. A. H., Straface S., Scozzari A.
The influence of climate change on the availability and quality of both surface- and ground-water resources is well recognized nowadays. In particular, the mitigation of saline water intrusion mechanisms in coastal aquifers is a recurrent environmental issue. In the case of the Nile delta, the presence of sea level rise and the perspective of other human-induced stressors, such as the next operation of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, are threats to be taken into account for guaranteeing resilient agricultural practices within the future possible scenarios. Subsurface drainage offers a practical solution to the problem of upward artesian water movement and the simultaneous downward flow of excess irrigation water, to mitigate the salinization in the root zone. Subsurface draining systems can contribute to mitigate the vulnerability to climate change and to the increased anthropic pressure insofar they are able to receive the incremented flow rate due to the foreseen scenarios of sea level rise, recharge and subsidence. This paper introduces a rational design of subsurface drainage systems in coastal aquifers, taking into account the increment of flow in the draining pipes due to future possible conditions of sea level rise, artificial recharge and subsidence within time horizons that are compatible with the expected lifespan of a buried drainage system. The approach proposed in this paper is characterized by the assessment of the incremental flow through the drains as a function of various possible scenarios at different time horizons. Our calculations show that the impact on the discharge into the existing subsurface drainage system under the new foreseen conditions is anything but negligible. Thus, future climate-related scenarios deeply impact the design of such hydraulic structures, and must be taken into account in the frame of the next water management strategies for safeguarding agricultural activities in the Nile delta and in similar coastal contexts.Source: Science of the total environment 672 (2019): 283–295. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.483
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.483
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | The Science of The Total Environment | www.sciencedirect.com | CNR ExploRA
2019
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Saline intrusion in coastal aquifers: Influence of climate change on the design of subsurface drainage systems in arid/semi-arid regions
Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G., Straface S.
There's a growing awareness today about the effect of climate change on the availability and quality of surfaced ground-water resources. In particular, the mitigation of saline water intrusion mechanisms (SWI) in coastal aquifers is currently a recurrent environmental issue. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2013), in year 2100 about 95% of the coastal areas in the world will be considerably affected by sea level rise (SLR), hence increasing the risk of inundation in internal land and salt water intrusion (SWI) in coastal aquifers. In the case of the Nile delta, the combination between SLR and other perspective human-induced stressors, such as the next operation of the GERD (Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam), represents a threat to be taken into account, in order to guarantee resilient agricultural practices to the next possible scenarios. Subsurface draining systems (SD) can contribute to mitigate the vulnerability to climate change and to the increased anthropic pressure insofar they are capable to receive the incremented flow according to the foreseen scenarios of SLR, subsidence and recharge. In general, subsurface drainage offers a practical solution to the problem of upward artesian water movement and the simultaneous downward flow of excess irrigation water, for mitigating the salinization of the soil in the root zone. Thus, the design objective of the drains is to keep the water table within specified limits, determining a flow of water through the soil to the drains. The drain size and spacing need to be properly calculated to make the drainage system able to discharge the excess of irrigation water as well as the upward groundwater flow. In practice, subsurface drains must be designed to withstand the necessary water flow, which permits to tie the water table to the required depth, for any foreseen working condition that may happen within the lifetime of the hydraulic structure. This work introduces a rational design of SD systems in coastal aquifers, taking into account the increment of flow due to future possible conditions of SLR, recharge and subsidence within a time horizon of about 50 years, which is compatible with the expected lifespan of a buried drainage system. Our proposed approach is characterised by the assessment of the incremental flow through the drains as a function of various possible future scenarios at different times. Our calculations show that the impact of the new foreseen conditions on the discharge into the subsurface drainage system is anything but negligible. Thus, foreseen climate-related scenarios deeply impact the design of such hydraulic structures. This is a fundamental aspect that needs consideration in the frame of the future water management strategies for safeguarding agricultural activities, especially in arid/semi-arid regions. Finally, it must be noted that this necessity has been substantially underestimated until today.Source: EGU General Assembly 2019, Vienna, 7-12/04/2019
Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I., Sallam G., Straface S.
There's a growing awareness today about the effect of climate change on the availability and quality of surfaced ground-water resources. In particular, the mitigation of saline water intrusion mechanisms (SWI) in coastal aquifers is currently a recurrent environmental issue. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2013), in year 2100 about 95% of the coastal areas in the world will be considerably affected by sea level rise (SLR), hence increasing the risk of inundation in internal land and salt water intrusion (SWI) in coastal aquifers. In the case of the Nile delta, the combination between SLR and other perspective human-induced stressors, such as the next operation of the GERD (Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam), represents a threat to be taken into account, in order to guarantee resilient agricultural practices to the next possible scenarios. Subsurface draining systems (SD) can contribute to mitigate the vulnerability to climate change and to the increased anthropic pressure insofar they are capable to receive the incremented flow according to the foreseen scenarios of SLR, subsidence and recharge. In general, subsurface drainage offers a practical solution to the problem of upward artesian water movement and the simultaneous downward flow of excess irrigation water, for mitigating the salinization of the soil in the root zone. Thus, the design objective of the drains is to keep the water table within specified limits, determining a flow of water through the soil to the drains. The drain size and spacing need to be properly calculated to make the drainage system able to discharge the excess of irrigation water as well as the upward groundwater flow. In practice, subsurface drains must be designed to withstand the necessary water flow, which permits to tie the water table to the required depth, for any foreseen working condition that may happen within the lifetime of the hydraulic structure. This work introduces a rational design of SD systems in coastal aquifers, taking into account the increment of flow due to future possible conditions of SLR, recharge and subsidence within a time horizon of about 50 years, which is compatible with the expected lifespan of a buried drainage system. Our proposed approach is characterised by the assessment of the incremental flow through the drains as a function of various possible future scenarios at different times. Our calculations show that the impact of the new foreseen conditions on the discharge into the subsurface drainage system is anything but negligible. Thus, foreseen climate-related scenarios deeply impact the design of such hydraulic structures. This is a fundamental aspect that needs consideration in the frame of the future water management strategies for safeguarding agricultural activities, especially in arid/semi-arid regions. Finally, it must be noted that this necessity has been substantially underestimated until today.Source: EGU General Assembly 2019, Vienna, 7-12/04/2019
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Feasibility of using Sentinel-3 in estimating Lake Nasser water depths
Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A.
After the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Nasser Lake (NL)became one of the most challenging hot spots at both local and global level. It is one of the biggest manmade reservoirs in the world and the most important in Egypt. It is created in the southern part of the Nile River in Upper Egypt after the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD). The water level in NL might fluctuate between 160 to 182 m above the mean sea level. Monitoring NL water depth is an expensive and time-consuming activity. This work investigates the possibility to use information from the Sentinel missions to estimate the depth of NL as an inland water body, in the frame of estimating storage variations from satellite measurements. In this preliminary study, we investigated the relationship between the radiance /reflectance of optical imagery from two instruments SLSTR and OLCI instruments hosted by the Sentinel-3A platform and in situ water depth data using the Lyzenga equation. The results indictaed that there was a reasonable correlation between Sentinel-3 optical data and in situ water depth data. Also, Heron's formula was used to estimate water storage variations of NL with limited in situ data. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and both surface area and water volume were worked out. This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11958
Metrics:
Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A.
After the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), Nasser Lake (NL)became one of the most challenging hot spots at both local and global level. It is one of the biggest manmade reservoirs in the world and the most important in Egypt. It is created in the southern part of the Nile River in Upper Egypt after the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD). The water level in NL might fluctuate between 160 to 182 m above the mean sea level. Monitoring NL water depth is an expensive and time-consuming activity. This work investigates the possibility to use information from the Sentinel missions to estimate the depth of NL as an inland water body, in the frame of estimating storage variations from satellite measurements. In this preliminary study, we investigated the relationship between the radiance /reflectance of optical imagery from two instruments SLSTR and OLCI instruments hosted by the Sentinel-3A platform and in situ water depth data using the Lyzenga equation. The results indictaed that there was a reasonable correlation between Sentinel-3 optical data and in situ water depth data. Also, Heron's formula was used to estimate water storage variations of NL with limited in situ data. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and both surface area and water volume were worked out. This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-11958
Metrics:
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Estimation of sediment capacity of Aswan High Dam Lake utilizing remotely sensed bathymetric data: case study Active Sedimentation portion of Nubia
Negm A., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Makboul O., Scozzari A.
This study deals with the quantitative estimation of the accumulated sediment capacity within the period from the initiation of the storage process of Lake Nubia in 1964 until 2012, by using field measurements and remote sensing data. The bed levels of the study area related to year 1964 were extracted from a tri-dimensional model of the lake derived from a topographic map, based on observations anterior to lake filling. This map was compared with the bed levels estimated for the year 2012, which were extracted from remote sensing data, with the aim to estimate the sediment capacity. The utilized technique for estimating the bathymetric data (depths) from satellite images relies on establishing a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model between in situ measurements and reflectance data from multi-spectral optical satellite observations. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model showed good results in the correlation between field measurements and remote sensing data. The current approach provides flexibility as well as effective time and cost management in calculating depths from remote sensing data when compared to the traditional method applied by Aswan High Dam Authority (AHDA). This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13628
Metrics:
Negm A., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Makboul O., Scozzari A.
This study deals with the quantitative estimation of the accumulated sediment capacity within the period from the initiation of the storage process of Lake Nubia in 1964 until 2012, by using field measurements and remote sensing data. The bed levels of the study area related to year 1964 were extracted from a tri-dimensional model of the lake derived from a topographic map, based on observations anterior to lake filling. This map was compared with the bed levels estimated for the year 2012, which were extracted from remote sensing data, with the aim to estimate the sediment capacity. The utilized technique for estimating the bathymetric data (depths) from satellite images relies on establishing a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model between in situ measurements and reflectance data from multi-spectral optical satellite observations. The Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model showed good results in the correlation between field measurements and remote sensing data. The current approach provides flexibility as well as effective time and cost management in calculating depths from remote sensing data when compared to the traditional method applied by Aswan High Dam Authority (AHDA). This study is in the framework of a bilateral project between ASRT of Egypt and CNR of Italy, which is still running.Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13628
Metrics:
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2021
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Investigating the possible measure to protect groundwater from polluted streams in arid and semi-arid regions: the Eastern Nile Delta case study
Abd-Elaty I., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Abuhashim M., Negm A., Scozzari A.
Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in the Nile Delta. Unfortunately, it might be polluted by seepage from polluted streams. This study was carried out to investigate the possible measures to protect groundwater in the Nile delta aquifer using a numerical model (MT3DMS - Mass Transport 3-Dimension Multi-Species). The sources of groundwater contamination were identified and the total dissolved solids (TDS) was taken as an indicator for the contamination. Different strategies were investigated for mitigating the impact of polluted water: i) allocating polluted drains and canals in lower permeability layers; ii) installing cut-off walls in the polluted drains, and finally, iii) using lining materials in polluted drains and canals. Results indicated these measures effective to mitigate the groundwater pollution. In particular, the cut-off wall was effective for contamination reduction in shallow aquifers, whereas it had no effect in the deep aquifer, while lining materials in polluted drains and canals were able to prevent contamination and to protect the freshwater in the aquifers. It is worth mentioning that this study was partially supported by a bilateral project between ASRT (Egypt) and CNR (Italy).Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14734
Metrics:
Abd-Elaty I., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Abuhashim M., Negm A., Scozzari A.
Groundwater is the main source of drinking water in the Nile Delta. Unfortunately, it might be polluted by seepage from polluted streams. This study was carried out to investigate the possible measures to protect groundwater in the Nile delta aquifer using a numerical model (MT3DMS - Mass Transport 3-Dimension Multi-Species). The sources of groundwater contamination were identified and the total dissolved solids (TDS) was taken as an indicator for the contamination. Different strategies were investigated for mitigating the impact of polluted water: i) allocating polluted drains and canals in lower permeability layers; ii) installing cut-off walls in the polluted drains, and finally, iii) using lining materials in polluted drains and canals. Results indicated these measures effective to mitigate the groundwater pollution. In particular, the cut-off wall was effective for contamination reduction in shallow aquifers, whereas it had no effect in the deep aquifer, while lining materials in polluted drains and canals were able to prevent contamination and to protect the freshwater in the aquifers. It is worth mentioning that this study was partially supported by a bilateral project between ASRT (Egypt) and CNR (Italy).Source: EGU General Assembly 2021, Online Conference, 19-30/04/2021
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14734
Metrics:
See at:
meetingorganizer.copernicus.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2022
Journal article
Open Access
Bathymetric and capacity relationships based on Sentinel-3 mission data for Aswan High Dam Lake, Egypt
Hossen H., Khairy M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A., Elsahabi M.
Aswan High Dam Lake (AHDL) is one of the most relevant hot spots at both local and global levels after construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) was announced. The management of AHDL is a vital task, which requires the input of reliable information such as the lake bathymetry, water level, and the water surface area. Traditional, bathymetric methods are still very expensive and difficult to operate. Nowadays, satellite data and remote sensing techniques are easily accessible. In particular, datasets produced by operational missions are freely and globally available, and may provide efficient and inexpensive solutions for the retrieval of quantitative parameters concerning strategic water bodies, such as AHDL. This work identifies the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to AHDL. This preliminary and first study investigated the relationship between the reflectance data and in situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the deep-water region using statistical regression models. These statistical models showed promising results in terms of correlation value (R > 0.8) and normalized root mean square errors (NRMSE < 0.4). Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level datasets to estimate water storage variations in AHDL. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level, water surface area, and water volume were analyzed. The work is very useful for all authorities and stakeholders dealing with large water bodies.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14050711
DOI: 10.3390/w14050711
Metrics:
Hossen H., Khairy M., Ghaly S., Scozzari A., Negm A., Elsahabi M.
Aswan High Dam Lake (AHDL) is one of the most relevant hot spots at both local and global levels after construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) was announced. The management of AHDL is a vital task, which requires the input of reliable information such as the lake bathymetry, water level, and the water surface area. Traditional, bathymetric methods are still very expensive and difficult to operate. Nowadays, satellite data and remote sensing techniques are easily accessible. In particular, datasets produced by operational missions are freely and globally available, and may provide efficient and inexpensive solutions for the retrieval of quantitative parameters concerning strategic water bodies, such as AHDL. This work identifies the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to AHDL. This preliminary and first study investigated the relationship between the reflectance data and in situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the deep-water region using statistical regression models. These statistical models showed promising results in terms of correlation value (R > 0.8) and normalized root mean square errors (NRMSE < 0.4). Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level datasets to estimate water storage variations in AHDL. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level, water surface area, and water volume were analyzed. The work is very useful for all authorities and stakeholders dealing with large water bodies.Source: Water (Basel) 14 (2022). doi:10.3390/w14050711
DOI: 10.3390/w14050711
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | www.mdpi.com | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Seepage loss from unlined, lined, and cracked-lined canals: a case study of Ismailia canal reach from 28.00-49.00 Km, Egypt
Elkamhawy E., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Negm A. M., Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I.
Water resources face global and local challenges. In Egypt, for example, the negative impacts of climatic changes and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), cause a shortage of water resources. Shortage of water resources is considered an urgent issue particularly in semiarid regions (like many MENA countries) and arid ones (like Egypt). Therefore, the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation has launched the national project of canals rehabilitation and lining for effective water resource management and decreasing seepage losses. This study dealt with three different lining techniques, as well cracked-liner for the Ismailia canal, which is considered the largest end of the Nile in Egypt. A steady-state 2-D seep/w model was established for the Ismailia canal section, at the stretch from 28 to 49 km. The results showed that the amount of seepage was considerably depending on the hydraulic characteristics of the lining material. Pumping from aquifers through wells also has a significant influence on the seepage rate from the unlined canal. Nevertheless, a negligible effect was present in the lined canal case. The highest efficiency was obtained with the concrete liner, after that the geomembrane liner, and then the bentonite liner; with nearly 99%, 96%, and 54%, respectively, in the case of no pumping from aquifer via wells. The efficiency decreased by 4% for the bentonite and geomembrane liners during pumping from the aquifer, but the concrete liner efficiency did not change significantly. However, in the case of deterioration of the lining material through cracks, the efficiency strictly decreased to 25%, irrespective of the utilized lining technique. The dual effect of both cracked-liner material and extraction from the aquifer via pumping wells revealed an efficiency of 16%, regardless of the utilized liner type.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13134
Metrics:
Elkamhawy E., Zelenakova M., Straface S., Vranayová Z., Negm A. M., Scozzari A., Abd-Elaty I.
Water resources face global and local challenges. In Egypt, for example, the negative impacts of climatic changes and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), cause a shortage of water resources. Shortage of water resources is considered an urgent issue particularly in semiarid regions (like many MENA countries) and arid ones (like Egypt). Therefore, the Egyptian Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation has launched the national project of canals rehabilitation and lining for effective water resource management and decreasing seepage losses. This study dealt with three different lining techniques, as well cracked-liner for the Ismailia canal, which is considered the largest end of the Nile in Egypt. A steady-state 2-D seep/w model was established for the Ismailia canal section, at the stretch from 28 to 49 km. The results showed that the amount of seepage was considerably depending on the hydraulic characteristics of the lining material. Pumping from aquifers through wells also has a significant influence on the seepage rate from the unlined canal. Nevertheless, a negligible effect was present in the lined canal case. The highest efficiency was obtained with the concrete liner, after that the geomembrane liner, and then the bentonite liner; with nearly 99%, 96%, and 54%, respectively, in the case of no pumping from aquifer via wells. The efficiency decreased by 4% for the bentonite and geomembrane liners during pumping from the aquifer, but the concrete liner efficiency did not change significantly. However, in the case of deterioration of the lining material through cracks, the efficiency strictly decreased to 25%, irrespective of the utilized lining technique. The dual effect of both cracked-liner material and extraction from the aquifer via pumping wells revealed an efficiency of 16%, regardless of the utilized liner type.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13134
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Integration of multiple geoscientific investigation methods for a better understanding of a water system: the example of Chimborazo glaciers melting effects on the Chambo aquifer, Ecuador
Scozzari A., Catelan P., Chidichimo F., De Biase M., Mendoza B. G., Trujillo P. A., Carrettero P., Straface S.
The identification of the processes underlining natural systems often requires the adoption of multiple investigation techniques for the assessment of the sites under study. In this work, the combination of information derived from non-invasive sensing techniques, such as geophysics, remote sensing and hydrogeochemistry, highlights the possible influence of global climate change on the future water availability related to an aquifer in a peculiar glacier context, located in central Ecuador. In particular, we show that the Chambo aquifer, which supplies potable water to the region, does not contain fossil water, and it's instead recharged over time. Indeed, the whole Chambo river basin is affected by the Chimborazo volcano, which is a glacerised mountain located in the inner tropics, one of the most critical places to be observed in the frame of climate impact on water resources. Thanks to the infomation gathered by the various surveying techniques, numerical modelling permitted an estimate of the recharge, which can be fully originated by the runoff from Chimborazo melting glaciers. Actually, the retreat of the glaciers on top of the Chimborazo is an ongoing process presumably related to global climate change.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13153
Metrics:
Scozzari A., Catelan P., Chidichimo F., De Biase M., Mendoza B. G., Trujillo P. A., Carrettero P., Straface S.
The identification of the processes underlining natural systems often requires the adoption of multiple investigation techniques for the assessment of the sites under study. In this work, the combination of information derived from non-invasive sensing techniques, such as geophysics, remote sensing and hydrogeochemistry, highlights the possible influence of global climate change on the future water availability related to an aquifer in a peculiar glacier context, located in central Ecuador. In particular, we show that the Chambo aquifer, which supplies potable water to the region, does not contain fossil water, and it's instead recharged over time. Indeed, the whole Chambo river basin is affected by the Chimborazo volcano, which is a glacerised mountain located in the inner tropics, one of the most critical places to be observed in the frame of climate impact on water resources. Thanks to the infomation gathered by the various surveying techniques, numerical modelling permitted an estimate of the recharge, which can be fully originated by the runoff from Chimborazo melting glaciers. Actually, the retreat of the glaciers on top of the Chimborazo is an ongoing process presumably related to global climate change.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13153
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Using SWAT model to evaluate the plausible changes in a karst snow-fed watershed in the Moroccan High Atlas
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., Scozzari A., El Mansouri B.
High Atlas is considered as one of the major reservoirs of freshwater for crop yield and hydropower production in the plains of central Morocco. Nevertheless, snowmelt and discharge in this region have been reported very vulnerable to climate variability, which threaten the sustainability and development of socio-economic activities in this region. Thus, there's a strong need to understand the spatio-temporal variability of water cycle in addition to the impact of the changing climate on the main hydrological components. This work focuses on the application of SWAT model in the mountainous watershed of Oued Al Abid river, which is potentially threatened by climate and anthropogenic forcings. The study is based on two main axes: (i) the implementation of SWAT to model the snowmelt discharge processes over this watershed taking into consideration the karst structure of this area, (ii) the projection of climate change has been also analyzed by forcing SWAT model using three simulations of Regional Climate Model RCA4. Results showed that SWAT model performed satisfactory to very good in reproducing discharge and reservoir inflow. According to the results, the hydrological components showed a significant variability, particularly in snowmelt, infiltration and surface runoff. Furthermore, negative variation and peak shift in the projected inflows to the dam have been demonstrated by this study.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13351
Metrics:
Taia S., Erraioui L., Chao J., Scozzari A., El Mansouri B.
High Atlas is considered as one of the major reservoirs of freshwater for crop yield and hydropower production in the plains of central Morocco. Nevertheless, snowmelt and discharge in this region have been reported very vulnerable to climate variability, which threaten the sustainability and development of socio-economic activities in this region. Thus, there's a strong need to understand the spatio-temporal variability of water cycle in addition to the impact of the changing climate on the main hydrological components. This work focuses on the application of SWAT model in the mountainous watershed of Oued Al Abid river, which is potentially threatened by climate and anthropogenic forcings. The study is based on two main axes: (i) the implementation of SWAT to model the snowmelt discharge processes over this watershed taking into consideration the karst structure of this area, (ii) the projection of climate change has been also analyzed by forcing SWAT model using three simulations of Regional Climate Model RCA4. Results showed that SWAT model performed satisfactory to very good in reproducing discharge and reservoir inflow. According to the results, the hydrological components showed a significant variability, particularly in snowmelt, infiltration and surface runoff. Furthermore, negative variation and peak shift in the projected inflows to the dam have been demonstrated by this study.Source: EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria (Online), 23-27/5/2022
DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu22-13351
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR ExploRA
2022
Contribution to conference
Open Access
Estimation of volume-depth relationships using Sentinel -3 mission data for Inland Lakes: case study, Nasser Lake, Egypt
Negm A., Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Scozzari A.
Nasser Lake is an artificial lake in Egypt. It was formed due to the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD) in the South of Egypt in YEAR. It became a hot spot at both local and global levels since the commencement of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) construction in the Year. The regular Lake surveying mission was stopped since 2012 after the January revolution in Egypt in 2011. This leads us to think in a cost-effective monitoring method to have the volume-depth relationship of Nasser Lake thanks to EU sentinel mission. This work explores and assesses the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to Nasser Lake. This preliminary study investigates the relationship between the reflectance data and in-situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the relatively deep water region in the south of the lake using statistical regression models. The developed models provide promising estimations with correlation value (R² > 0.8) and NRMSE <0.3.. Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level data sets to estimate water storage variations in Nasser Lake. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and water surface area and water volume were developed. The obtained results are useful for Nasser Lake authorities and stakeholders dealing with Nasser Lake and all similar inland water bodies.Source: 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Atene (Grecia), 16-24/07/2022
Negm A., Khairy M., Hossen H., Elsahabi M., Scozzari A.
Nasser Lake is an artificial lake in Egypt. It was formed due to the construction of Aswan High Dam (AHD) in the South of Egypt in YEAR. It became a hot spot at both local and global levels since the commencement of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) construction in the Year. The regular Lake surveying mission was stopped since 2012 after the January revolution in Egypt in 2011. This leads us to think in a cost-effective monitoring method to have the volume-depth relationship of Nasser Lake thanks to EU sentinel mission. This work explores and assesses the performance of Sentinel-3A optical imagery data in the visible and NIR bands from the two optical instruments SLSTR and OLCI, and proposes the integration with Sentinel-3A radar altimetry from SRAL instrument applied to Nasser Lake. This preliminary study investigates the relationship between the reflectance data and in-situ data for water depth after a bathymetric campaign in the relatively deep water region in the south of the lake using statistical regression models. The developed models provide promising estimations with correlation value (R² > 0.8) and NRMSE <0.3.. Also, Heron's formula was applied to combine optical imagery and Sentinel-3 altimetry water level data sets to estimate water storage variations in Nasser Lake. In addition, equations governing the relationship between water level and water surface area and water volume were developed. The obtained results are useful for Nasser Lake authorities and stakeholders dealing with Nasser Lake and all similar inland water bodies.Source: 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Atene (Grecia), 16-24/07/2022
See at:
app.cospar-assembly.org | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2023
Journal article
Open Access
The application of SWAT model and remotely sensed products to characterize the dynamic of streamflow and snow in a mountainous watershed in the High Atlas
Taia S., Erraioui L., Arjdal Y., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Snowfall, snowpack, and snowmelt are among the processes with the greatest influence on the water cycle in mountainous watersheds. Hydrological models may be significantly biased if snow estimations are inaccurate. However, the unavailability of in situ snow data with enough spatiotemporal resolution limits the application of spatially distributed models in snow-fed watersheds. This obliges numerous modellers to reduce their attention to the snowpack and its effect on water distribution, particularly when a portion of the watershed is predominately covered by snow. This research demonstrates the added value of remotely sensed snow cover products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in evaluating the performance of hydrological models to estimate seasonal snow dynamics and discharge. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used in this work to simulate discharge and snow processes in the Oued El Abid snow-dominated watershed. The model was calibrated and validated on a daily basis, for a long period (1981-2015), using four discharge-gauging stations. A spatially varied approach (snow parameters are varied spatially) and a lumped approach (snow parameters are unique across the whole watershed) have been compared. Remote sensing data provided by MODIS enabled the evaluation of the snow processes simulated by the SWAT model. Results illustrate that SWAT model discharge simulations were satisfactory to good according to the statistical criteria. In addition, the model was able to reasonably estimate the snow-covered area when comparing it to the MODIS daily snow cover product. When allowing snow parameters to vary spatially, SWAT model results were more consistent with the observed streamflow and the MODIS snow-covered area (MODIS-SCA). This paper provides an example of how hydrological modelling using SWAT and snow coverage products by remote sensing may be used together to examine seasonal snow cover and snow dynamics in the High Atlas watershed.Source: Sensors (Basel) 23 (2023). doi:10.3390/s23031246
DOI: 10.3390/s23031246
Metrics:
Taia S., Erraioui L., Arjdal Y., Chao J., El Mansouri B., Scozzari A.
Snowfall, snowpack, and snowmelt are among the processes with the greatest influence on the water cycle in mountainous watersheds. Hydrological models may be significantly biased if snow estimations are inaccurate. However, the unavailability of in situ snow data with enough spatiotemporal resolution limits the application of spatially distributed models in snow-fed watersheds. This obliges numerous modellers to reduce their attention to the snowpack and its effect on water distribution, particularly when a portion of the watershed is predominately covered by snow. This research demonstrates the added value of remotely sensed snow cover products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in evaluating the performance of hydrological models to estimate seasonal snow dynamics and discharge. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used in this work to simulate discharge and snow processes in the Oued El Abid snow-dominated watershed. The model was calibrated and validated on a daily basis, for a long period (1981-2015), using four discharge-gauging stations. A spatially varied approach (snow parameters are varied spatially) and a lumped approach (snow parameters are unique across the whole watershed) have been compared. Remote sensing data provided by MODIS enabled the evaluation of the snow processes simulated by the SWAT model. Results illustrate that SWAT model discharge simulations were satisfactory to good according to the statistical criteria. In addition, the model was able to reasonably estimate the snow-covered area when comparing it to the MODIS daily snow cover product. When allowing snow parameters to vary spatially, SWAT model results were more consistent with the observed streamflow and the MODIS snow-covered area (MODIS-SCA). This paper provides an example of how hydrological modelling using SWAT and snow coverage products by remote sensing may be used together to examine seasonal snow cover and snow dynamics in the High Atlas watershed.Source: Sensors (Basel) 23 (2023). doi:10.3390/s23031246
DOI: 10.3390/s23031246
Metrics:
See at:
ISTI Repository | www.mdpi.com | CNR ExploRA