not yet published Conference article Open Access

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2025 Journal article Open Access

Towards the interoperability of scholarly repository registries
Baglioni M., Pavone G., Mannocci A., Manghi P.
The enactment of Open Science relies on scholarly repositories that make research products findable and accessible, while scholarly repository registries maintain authoritative metadata and persistent identifiers (PIDs) to help researchers and infrastructure providers discover and access needed repositories. However, the proliferation of repositories targeting different research products (e.g., publications, data, and software) or serving specific disciplines has led to the creation of multiple registries whose scope is not mutually exclusive. Such a fragmented landscape poses significant concerns regarding authoritativeness, disambiguation, and coverage for scholarly communication service and infrastructure providers who consume content from these registries. These providers must either limit their focus to a single registry or manage complex data fusion strategies to integrate diverse repository profiles from various sources. While favouring the existence of a plurality of registries, this paper advocates for their interoperability, which is essential to eliminate the aforementioned barriers and enable their full, unambiguous utilisation. We analyse the data models of four prominent registries—FAIRsharing, re3data, OpenDOAR, and ROAR—and classify their properties and overlap. We provide a crosswalk between their data models and suggest a common data model shared across the examined registries to pave the way toward interoperability. As a means of validation, we include a coverage evaluation of the proposed data model.The paper adopts a pragmatic approach towards scholarly registry interoperability and suggests a common metadata model to foster the exchange of information across these platforms. The purpose of the paper is to serve as a cornerstone, initiating and engaging the community in discussions surrounding the interoperability of scholarly repository registries.Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON DIGITAL LIBRARIES, vol. 26 (issue 1)
DOI: 10.1007/s00799-025-00414-y
Project(s): EOSC Future , OpenAIRE Nexus
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2024 Conference article Open Access

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2024 Book Open Access

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2024 Conference article Open Access

The ARIADNEplus Knowledge Base: a Linked Open Data set for archaeological research
Bardi A., Baglioni M., Artini M., Mannocci A., Pavone G.
The ARIADNE infrastructure provides tools and services for researchers to address archaeological grand challenges that require discovery and analysis of information scattered across different thematic and geographically distributed sources. The ARIADNEplus Knowledge Base (KB) is an archaeological Linked Open Data set modelled according to the ARIADNE ontology, based on CIDOC-CRM, and provided by an international network of organisations leaders in different domains of archaeological sciences. In February 2024, the ARIADNEplus KB features about 4 million archaeological resources. Thanks to the ARIADNE infrastructure, data providers increased the level of fairness of their resources and contributed to a unique asset for the archaeology research community, the European Open Science Cloud and society at large.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS, vol. 3741, pp. 91-100. Viallasimius, Italy, 23-26/06/2024
Project(s): ARIADNEplus , ATRIUM

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2024 Dataset Open Access

OpenAIRE Graph Dataset v8.0.0 (July 2024)
Manghi P., Atzori C., Bardi A., Baglioni M., Dimitropoulos H., La Bruzzo S., Foufoulas I., Mannocci A., Horst M., Iatropoulou K., Kokogiannaki A., De Bonis M., Artini M., Lempesis A., Ioannidis A., Manola N., Principe P., Vergoulis T., Chatzopoulos S.
The OpenAIRE Graph is a large and rich collection of open and linked scholarly records from trusted data sources, such as journals, repositories, and registries. It aims to foster Open Science practices and enable the scientific community to discover, monitor, and evaluate science. The Graph is cleaned, deduplicated, enriched, and full-text mined to generate statistics and insights. The Graph is accessible via various services, such as OpenAIRE MONITOR, EXPLORE, ScholeXplorer (Scholix API for the retrieval of literature-data links), search APIs and snapshots in json format updated every six months. The Graph data are openly available with CC-BY license for third-parties to reuse and create added value services. The documentation is available at: https://graph.openaire.euDOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12819872
Project(s): FAIRCORE4EOSC , SciLake , EOSC Beyond , GraspOS , OSTrails
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2024 Book Open Access

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2023 Contribution to book Open Access

A primer on open science-driven repository platforms
Bardi A, Manghi P, Mannocci A, Ottonello E, Pavone G
Following Open Science mandates, institutions and communities increasingly demand repositories with native support for publishing scientific literature together with research data, software, and other research products. Such repositories may be thematic or general-purpose and are deeply integrated with the scholarly communication ecosystem to ensure versioning, persistent identifiers, data curation, usage stats, and so on. Identifying the most suitable off-the-shelf repository platform is often a non-trivial task as the choice depends on functional requirements, programming and technical skills, and infrastructure resources. This work analyses four state-of-the-art Open Source repository platforms, namely Dryad, Dataverse, DSpace, and InvenioRDM, from both a functional and a software perspective. This work intends to provide an overview serving as a primer for choosing repository platform solutions in different application scenarios. Moreover, this paper highlights how these platforms reacted to some key Open Science demands, moving away from the original and old-fashioned concept of a repository serving as a static container of files and metadata.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-39141-5_19
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus
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2023 Conference article Open Access

(Semi)automated disambiguation of scholarly repositories
Baglioni M, Mannocci A, Pavone G, De Bonis M, Manghi P
The full exploitation of scholarly repositories is pivotal in modern Open Science, and scholarly repository registries are kingpins in enabling researchers and research infrastructures to list and search for suitable repositories. However, since multiple registries exist, repository managers are keen on registering multiple times the repositories they manage to maximise their traction and visibility across different research communities, disciplines, and applications. These multiple registrations ultimately lead to information fragmentation and redundancy on the one hand and, on the other, force registries' users to juggle multiple registries, profiles and identifiers describing the same repository. Such problems are known to registries, which claim equivalence between repository profiles whenever possible by cross-referencing their identifiers across different registries. However, as we will see, this "claim set" is far from complete and, therefore, many replicas slip under the radar, possibly creating problems downstream. In this work, we combine such claims to create duplicate sets and extend them with the results of an automated clustering algorithm run over repository metadata descriptions. Then we manually validate our results to produce an "as accurate as possible" de-duplicated dataset of scholarly repositories.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS, pp. 47-59. Bari, Italy, 23-24/02/2023
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus

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2023 Journal article Open Access

A novel curated scholarly graph connecting textual and data publications
Irrera O, Mannocci A, Manghi P, Silvello G
In the last decade, scholarly graphs became fundamental to storing and managing scholarly knowledge in a structured and machine-readable way. Methods and tools for discovery and impact assessment of science rely on such graphs and their quality to serve scientists, policymakers, and publishers. Since research data became very important in scholarly communication, scholarly graphs started including dataset metadata and their relationships to publications. Such graphs are the foundations for Open Science investigations, data-article publishing workflows, discovery, and assessment indicators. However, due to the heterogeneity of practices (FAIRness is indeed in the making), they often lack the complete and reliable metadata necessary to perform accurate data analysis; e.g., dataset metadata is inaccurate, author names are not uniform, and the semantics of the relationships is unknown, ambiguous or incomplete.This work describes an open and curated scholarly graph we built and published as a training and test set for data discovery, data connection, author disambiguation, and link prediction tasks. Overall the graph contains 4,047 publications, 5,488 datasets, 22 software, 21,561 authors; 9,692 edges interconnect publications to datasets and software and are labeled with semantics that outline whether a publication is citing, referencing, documenting, supplementing another product.To ensure high-quality metadata and semantics, we relied on the information extracted from PDFs of the publications and the datasets and software webpages to curate and enrich nodes metadata and edges semantics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever published resource, including publications and datasets with manually validated and curated metadata.Source: ACM JOURNAL OF DATA AND INFORMATION QUALITY, vol. 15 (issue 3)
DOI: 10.1145/3597310
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus
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2023 Other Open Access

InfraScience research activity report 2023
Artini M., Assante M., Atzori C., Baglioni M., Bardi A., Bosio C., Bove P., Calanducci A., Candela L., Casini G., Castelli D., Cirillo R., Coro G., De Bonis M., Debole F., Dell'Amico A., Frosini L., Ibrahim A. S. T., La Bruzzo S., Lelii L., Manghi P., Mangiacrapa F., Mangione D., Mannocci A., Molinaro E., Pagano P., Panichi G., Paratore M. T., Pavone G., Piccioli T., Sinibaldi F., Straccia U., Vannini G. L.
InfraScience is a research group of the National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Information Science and Technologies (CNR - ISTI) based in Pisa, Italy. This report documents the research activity performed by this group in 2023 to highlight the major results. In particular, the InfraScience group engaged in research challenges characterising Data Infrastructures, e-Science, and Intelligent Systems. The group activity is pursued by closely connecting research and development and by promoting and supporting open science. In fact, the group is leading the development of two large scale infrastructures for Open Science, i.e. D4Science and OpenAIRE. During 2023 InfraScience members contributed to the publishing of several papers, to the research and development activities of several research projects (primarily funded by EU), to the organization of conferences and training events, to several working groups and task forces.DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2023/002
Project(s): Blue Cloud , EOSC Future , TAILOR
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2023 Conference article Open Access

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2022 Journal article Open Access

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2022 Conference article Open Access

Will open science change authorship for good? Towards a quantitative analysis
Mannocci A, Irrera O, Manghi P
Authorship of scientific articles has profoundly changed from early science until now. If once upon a time a paper was authored by a handful of authors, scientific collaborations are much more prominent on average nowadays. As authorship (and citation) is essentially the primary reward mechanism according to the traditional research evaluation frameworks, it turned to be a rather hot-button topic from which a significant portion of academic disputes stems. However, the novel Open Science practices could be an opportunity to disrupt such dynamics and diversify the credit of the different scientific contributors involved in the diverse phases of the lifecycle of the same research effort. In fact, a paper and research data (or software) contextually published could exhibit different authorship to give credit to the various contributors right where it feels most appropriate. We argue that this can be computationally analysed by taking advantage of the wealth of information in model Open Science Graphs. Such a study can pave the way to understand better the dynamics and patterns of authorship in linked literature, research data and software, and how they evolved over the years.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS. Padua, Italy, 24-25/02/2022
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus

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2022 Other Open Access

InfraScience research activity report 2021
Artini M, Assante M, Atzori C, Baglioni M, Bardi A, Bove P, Candela L, Casini G, Castelli D, Cirillo R, Coro G, De Bonis M, Debole F, Dell'Amico A, Frosini L, La Bruzzo S, Lazzeri E, Lelii L, Manghi P, Mangiacrapa F, Mangione D, Mannocci A, Ottonello E, Pagano P, Panichi G, Pavone G, Piccioli T, Sinibaldi F, Straccia U
InfraScience is a research group of the National Research Council of Italy - Institute of Information Science and Technologies (CNR - ISTI) based in Pisa, Italy. This report documents the research activity performed by this group in 2021 to highlight the major results. In particular, the InfraScience group confronted with research challenges characterising Data Infrastructures, eScience, and Intelligent Systems. The group activity is pursued by closely connecting research and development and by promoting and supporting open science. In fact, the group is leading the development of two large scale infrastructures for Open Science, i.e. D4Science and OpenAIRE. During 2021 InfraScience members contributed to the publishing of 25 papers, to the research and development activities of 18 research projects (15 funded by EU), to the organization of conferences and training events, to several working groups and task forces.DOI: 10.32079/isti-ar-2022/001
Project(s): ARIADNEplus , Blue Cloud , PerformFISH , EOSC-Pillar , DESIRA , EOSC Future , EOSCsecretariat.eu , EcoScope , RISIS 2 , OpenAIRE-Advance , OpenAIRE Nexus , SoBigData-PlusPlus
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2022 Conference article Open Access

BIP! scholar: a service to facilitate fair researcher assessment
Vergoulis T, Chatzopoulos S, Vichos K, Kanellos I, Mannocci A, Manola N, Manghi P
In recent years, assessing the performance of researchers has become a burden due to the extensive volume of the existing research output. As a result, evaluators often end up relying heavily on a selection of performance indicators like the h-index. However, over-reliance on such indicators may result in reinforcing dubious research practices, while overlooking important aspects of a researcher's career, such as their exact role in the production of particular research works or their contribution to other important types of academic or research activities (e.g., production of datasets, peer reviewing). In response, a number of initiatives that attempt to provide guidelines towards fairer research assessment frameworks have been established. In this work, we present BIP! Scholar, a Web-based service that offers researchers the opportunity to set up profiles that summarise their research careers taking into consideration well-established guidelines for fair research assessment, facilitating the work of evaluators who want to be more compliant with the respective practices.DOI: 10.1145/3529372.3533296
DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2205.03152
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus
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2022 Conference article Open Access

"Knock Knock! Who's There?" A study on scholarly repositories' availability
Mannocci A, Baglioni M, Manghi P
Scholarly repositories are the cornerstone of modern open science, and their availability is vital for enacting its practices. To this end, scholarly registries such as FAIRsharing, re3data, OpenDOAR and ROAR give them presence and visibility across different research communities, disciplines, and applications by assigning an identifier and persisting their profiles with summary metadata. Alas, like any other resource available on the Web, scholarly repositories, be they tailored for literature, software or data, are quite dynamic and can be frequently changed, moved, merged or discontinued. Therefore, their references are prone to link rot over time, and their availability often boils down to whether the homepage URLs indicated in authoritative repository profiles within scholarly registries respond or not. For this study, we harvested the content of four prominent scholarly registries and resolved over 13 thousand unique repository URLs. By performing a quantitative analysis on such an extensive collection of repositories, this paper aims to provide a global snapshot of their availability, which bewilderingly is far from granted.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16802-4_26
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus
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2022 Conference article Open Access

Open Science and authorship of supplementary material. Evidence from a research community
Mannocci A, Irrera O, Manghi P
While, in early science, most of the papers were authored by a handful of scientists, modern science is characterised by more extensive collaborations, and the average number of authors per article has increased across many disciplines (Baethge, 2008; Cronin, 2001; Fernandes & Monteiro, 2017; Frandsen & Nicolaisen, 2010; Wren et al., 2007). Indeed, in some fields of science (e.g., High Energy Physics), it is not infrequent to encounter hundreds or thousands of authors co-participating in the same piece of research. Such intricate collaboration patterns make it difficult to establish a correct relationship between contributor and scientific contribution and hence get an accurate and fair reward during research evaluation (Brand, Allen, Altman, Hlava, & Scott, 2015; Vasilevsky et al., 2021; Vergoulis et al., 2022). Thus, as widely known, scientific authorship tends to be a rather hot-button topic in academia, as roughly one-fifth of academic disputes among authors stem from this (Dance, 2012). Open Science, however, has the potential to disrupt such traditional mechanisms by injecting into the "academic market" new kinds of "currency" for credit attribution, merit and impact assessment (Mooney & Newton, 2012; Silvello, 2018). To this end, the new practices of supplementary research data (and software) deposition and citation could be perceived as an opportunity to diversify the attribution portfolio and eventually give credit to the different contributors involved in the diverse phases of the lifecycle within the same research endeavour (Bierer, Crosas, & Pierce, 2017; Brand et al., 2015). While, on the one hand, it is known that authors' ordering tells little or nothing about authors' roles and contributions (Kosmulski, 2012), on the other hand, we argue that variations of any kind in author sets of paired publications and supplementary material can be indicative. Despite being unclear the actual reason behind such a variation, the presence of a fracture between the publication and research data realms might suggest once more that current practices for research assessment and reward should be revised and updated to capture such peculiarities as well. In (Mannocci, Irrera, & Manghi, 2022), we argue that modern Open Science Graphs (OSGs) can be used to analyse whether this is the case or not and understand if the opportunity has been seized already. By offering extensive metadata descriptions of both literature, research data, software, and their semantic relations, OSGs constitute a fertile ground to analyse this phenomenon computationally and thus analyse the emergence of significant patterns. As a preliminary study, in this paper, we conduct a focused analysis on a subset of publications with supplementary material drawn from the European Marine Science3 (MES) research community. The results are promising and suggest our hypothesis is worth exploring further. Indeed, in 702 cases out of 3,075 (22.83%), there are substantial variations between the authors participating in the publication and the authors participating in the supplementary dataset (or software), thus posing the premises for a longitudinal, large-scale analysis of the phenomenon.DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6975411
Project(s): OpenAIRE Nexus
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