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2023
Conference article
Open Access
Demo: an interactive visualization combining rule-based and feature importance explanations
Cappuccio E, Fadda D, Lanzilotti R, Rinzivillo S
The Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) community has long stressed the need for a more user-centered approach to Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), a research area that aims at defining algorithms and tools to illustrate the predictions of the so-called black-box models. This approach can benefit from the fields of user-interface, user experience, and visual analytics. In this demo, we propose a visual-based tool, "F.I.P.E.R.", that shows interactive explanations combining rules and feature importance.DOI: 10.1145/3605390.3610811
Project(s): XAI
Metrics:
Cappuccio E, Fadda D, Lanzilotti R, Rinzivillo S
The Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) community has long stressed the need for a more user-centered approach to Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), a research area that aims at defining algorithms and tools to illustrate the predictions of the so-called black-box models. This approach can benefit from the fields of user-interface, user experience, and visual analytics. In this demo, we propose a visual-based tool, "F.I.P.E.R.", that shows interactive explanations combining rules and feature importance.DOI: 10.1145/3605390.3610811
Project(s): XAI
Metrics:
See at:
dl.acm.org 
| CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | CNR IRIS 
| CNR IRIS
2023
Conference article
Open Access
EXPHLOT: explainable privacy assessment for human location trajectories
Naretto F, Pellungrini R, Rinzivillo S, Fadda D
Human mobility data play a crucial role in understand- ing mobility patterns and developing analytical services across various domains such as urban planning, transportation, and public health. How- ever, due to the sensitive nature of this data, accurately identifying pri- vacy risks is essential before deciding to release it to the public. Recent work has proposed the use of machine learning models for predicting privacy risk on raw mobility trajectories and the use of shap for risk explanation. However, applying shap to mobility data results in expla- nations that are of limited use both for privacy experts and end-users. In this work, we present a novel version of the Expert privacy risk predic- tion and explanation framework specifically tailored for human mobility data. We leverage state-of-the-art algorithms in time series classification, as Rocket and InceptionTime, to improve risk prediction while reduc- ing computation time. Additionally, we address two key issues with shap explanation on mobility data: first, we devise an entropy-based mask to efficiently compute shap values for privacy risk in mobility data; second, we develop a module for interactive analysis and visualization of shap values over a map, empowering users with an intuitive understanding of shap values and privacy risk.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45275-8_22
Project(s): TAILOR, HumanE-AI-Net , XAI , SoBigData-PlusPlus
Metrics:
Naretto F, Pellungrini R, Rinzivillo S, Fadda D
Human mobility data play a crucial role in understand- ing mobility patterns and developing analytical services across various domains such as urban planning, transportation, and public health. How- ever, due to the sensitive nature of this data, accurately identifying pri- vacy risks is essential before deciding to release it to the public. Recent work has proposed the use of machine learning models for predicting privacy risk on raw mobility trajectories and the use of shap for risk explanation. However, applying shap to mobility data results in expla- nations that are of limited use both for privacy experts and end-users. In this work, we present a novel version of the Expert privacy risk predic- tion and explanation framework specifically tailored for human mobility data. We leverage state-of-the-art algorithms in time series classification, as Rocket and InceptionTime, to improve risk prediction while reduc- ing computation time. Additionally, we address two key issues with shap explanation on mobility data: first, we devise an entropy-based mask to efficiently compute shap values for privacy risk in mobility data; second, we develop a module for interactive analysis and visualization of shap values over a map, empowering users with an intuitive understanding of shap values and privacy risk.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45275-8_22
Project(s): TAILOR
, HumanE-AI-Net , XAI , SoBigData-PlusPlus Metrics:
See at:
doi.org | CNR IRIS | link.springer.com | ISTI Repository | CNR IRIS
2016
Conference article
Restricted
Big data and public administration: a case study for Tuscany airports
Furletti B, Nanni M, Fadda D, Piccini L, Lattarulo P
In the last decade, the fast development of Information and Communication Technologies led to the wide diffusion of sensors able to track various aspects of human activity, as well as the storage and computational capabilities needed to record and analyze them. The so-called Big Data promise to improve the effectiveness of businesses, the quality of urban life, as well as many other fields, including the functioning of public administrations. Yet, translating the wealth of potential information hidden in Big Data to consumable intelligence seems to be still a difficult task, with a limited basis of success stories. This paper reports a project activity centered on a public administration - IRPET, the Regional Institute for Economic Planning of Tuscany (Italy). The paper deals, among other topics, with human mobility and public transportation at a regional scale, summarizing the open questions posed by the Public Administration (PA), the envisioned role that Big Data might have in answering them, the actual challenges that emerged in trying to implement them, and finally the results we obtained, the limitations that emerged and the lessons learned.Project(s): PETRA
Furletti B, Nanni M, Fadda D, Piccini L, Lattarulo P
In the last decade, the fast development of Information and Communication Technologies led to the wide diffusion of sensors able to track various aspects of human activity, as well as the storage and computational capabilities needed to record and analyze them. The so-called Big Data promise to improve the effectiveness of businesses, the quality of urban life, as well as many other fields, including the functioning of public administrations. Yet, translating the wealth of potential information hidden in Big Data to consumable intelligence seems to be still a difficult task, with a limited basis of success stories. This paper reports a project activity centered on a public administration - IRPET, the Regional Institute for Economic Planning of Tuscany (Italy). The paper deals, among other topics, with human mobility and public transportation at a regional scale, summarizing the open questions posed by the Public Administration (PA), the envisioned role that Big Data might have in answering them, the actual challenges that emerged in trying to implement them, and finally the results we obtained, the limitations that emerged and the lessons learned.Project(s): PETRA
2019
Contribution to book
Open Access
Analysis and visualization of performance indicators in university admission tests
Natilli M, Fadda D, Rinzivillo S, Pedreschi D, Licari F
This paper presents an analytical platform for evaluation of the performance and anomaly detection of tests for admission to public universities in Italy. Each test is personalized for each student and is composed of a series of questions, classified on different domains (e.g. maths, science, logic, etc.). Since each test is unique for composition, it is crucial to guarantee a similar level of difficulty for all the tests in a session. For this reason, to each question, it is assigned a level of difficulty from a domain expert. Thus, the general difficultness of a test depends on the correct classification of each item. We propose two approaches to detect outliers. A visualization-based approach using dynamic filter and responsive visual widgets. A data mining approach to evaluate the performance of the different questions for five years. We used clustering to group the questions according to a set of performance indicators to provide labeling of the data-driven level of difficulty. The measured level is compared with the a priori assigned by experts. The misclassifications are then highlighted to the expert, who will be able to refine the ques- tion or the classification. Sequential pattern mining is used to check if biases are present in the composition of the tests and their performance. This analysis is meant to exclude overlaps or direct dependencies among questions. Analyzing co-occurrences we are able to state that the compo- sition of each test is fair and uniform for all the students, even on several sessions. The analytical results are presented to the expert through a visual web application that loads the analytical data and indicators and composes an interactive dashboard. The user may explore the patterns and models extracted by filtering and changing thresholds and analytical parameters.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54994-7_14
Metrics:
Natilli M, Fadda D, Rinzivillo S, Pedreschi D, Licari F
This paper presents an analytical platform for evaluation of the performance and anomaly detection of tests for admission to public universities in Italy. Each test is personalized for each student and is composed of a series of questions, classified on different domains (e.g. maths, science, logic, etc.). Since each test is unique for composition, it is crucial to guarantee a similar level of difficulty for all the tests in a session. For this reason, to each question, it is assigned a level of difficulty from a domain expert. Thus, the general difficultness of a test depends on the correct classification of each item. We propose two approaches to detect outliers. A visualization-based approach using dynamic filter and responsive visual widgets. A data mining approach to evaluate the performance of the different questions for five years. We used clustering to group the questions according to a set of performance indicators to provide labeling of the data-driven level of difficulty. The measured level is compared with the a priori assigned by experts. The misclassifications are then highlighted to the expert, who will be able to refine the ques- tion or the classification. Sequential pattern mining is used to check if biases are present in the composition of the tests and their performance. This analysis is meant to exclude overlaps or direct dependencies among questions. Analyzing co-occurrences we are able to state that the compo- sition of each test is fair and uniform for all the students, even on several sessions. The analytical results are presented to the expert through a visual web application that loads the analytical data and indicators and composes an interactive dashboard. The user may explore the patterns and models extracted by filtering and changing thresholds and analytical parameters.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54994-7_14
Metrics:
See at:
CNR IRIS | link.springer.com | ISTI Repository | doi.org | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2019
Conference article
Open Access
A visual analytics platform to measure performance on university entrance tests
Boncoraglio D, Deri F, Distefano F, Fadda D, Filippi G, Forte G, Licari F, Natilli M, Pedreschi D, Rinzivillo S
Data visualization dashboards provide an efficient approach that helps to improve the ability to understand the information behind complex databases. It is possible with such tools to create new insights, to represent keys indicators of the activity, to communicate (in real-time) snapshots of the state of the work. In this paper, we present a visual analytics platform created for the exploration and analysis of performance data on entrance tests taken by Italian students when entering the university career. The data is provided by CISIA (Consorzio Interuniversitario Sistemi Integrati per l'Accesso), a non-profit consortium formed exclusively by public universities. With this platform, it is possible to explore the performance of the students along different dimensions, such as gender, high school of provenience, type of test and so on.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS. Castiglione della Pescaia, Grosseto, Italy (Grosseto), Italy, 16-19 June 2019
Boncoraglio D, Deri F, Distefano F, Fadda D, Filippi G, Forte G, Licari F, Natilli M, Pedreschi D, Rinzivillo S
Data visualization dashboards provide an efficient approach that helps to improve the ability to understand the information behind complex databases. It is possible with such tools to create new insights, to represent keys indicators of the activity, to communicate (in real-time) snapshots of the state of the work. In this paper, we present a visual analytics platform created for the exploration and analysis of performance data on entrance tests taken by Italian students when entering the university career. The data is provided by CISIA (Consorzio Interuniversitario Sistemi Integrati per l'Accesso), a non-profit consortium formed exclusively by public universities. With this platform, it is possible to explore the performance of the students along different dimensions, such as gender, high school of provenience, type of test and so on.Source: CEUR WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS. Castiglione della Pescaia, Grosseto, Italy (Grosseto), Italy, 16-19 June 2019
See at:
ceur-ws.org | CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | CNR IRIS
2018
Conference article
Open Access
MOBILITY ATLAS BOOKLET: AN URBAN DASHBOARD DESIGN and IMPLEMENTATION
Gabrielli L, Rossi M, Giannotti F, Fadda D, Rinzivillo S
The new data sources give the possibility to answer analytically the questions that arise from mobility manager. The process of transforming raw data into knowledge is very complex, and it is necessary to provide metaphors of visualizations that are understandable to decision makers. Here, we propose an analytical platform that extracts information on the mobility of individuals from mobile phone by applying Data Mining methodologies. The main results highlighted here are both technical and methodological. First, communicating information through visual analytics techniques facilitates understanding of information to those who have no specific technical or domain knowledge. Secondly, the API system guarantees the ability to export aggregates according to the granularity required, enabling other actors to produce new services based on the extracted models. For the future, we expect to extend the platform by inserting other layers. For example, a layer for measuring the sustainability index of a territory, such as the ability of public transport to attract private mobility or the index that measures how many private vehicle trips can be converted into electrical mobility.Source: ISPRS ANNALS OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCES, vol. 4, pp. 51-58. Delft, Netherlands, 04-05/10/2018
DOI: 10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w7-51-2018
Metrics:
Gabrielli L, Rossi M, Giannotti F, Fadda D, Rinzivillo S
The new data sources give the possibility to answer analytically the questions that arise from mobility manager. The process of transforming raw data into knowledge is very complex, and it is necessary to provide metaphors of visualizations that are understandable to decision makers. Here, we propose an analytical platform that extracts information on the mobility of individuals from mobile phone by applying Data Mining methodologies. The main results highlighted here are both technical and methodological. First, communicating information through visual analytics techniques facilitates understanding of information to those who have no specific technical or domain knowledge. Secondly, the API system guarantees the ability to export aggregates according to the granularity required, enabling other actors to produce new services based on the extracted models. For the future, we expect to extend the platform by inserting other layers. For example, a layer for measuring the sustainability index of a territory, such as the ability of public transport to attract private mobility or the index that measures how many private vehicle trips can be converted into electrical mobility.Source: ISPRS ANNALS OF THE PHOTOGRAMMETRY, REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCES, vol. 4, pp. 51-58. Delft, Netherlands, 04-05/10/2018
DOI: 10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-4-w7-51-2018
Metrics:
See at:
ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences | CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences | ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences | CNR IRIS
2023
Conference article
Restricted
Interpretable data partitioning through tree-based clustering methods
Guidotti R, Landi C, Beretta A, Fadda D, Nanni M
Interpretable Data Partitioning Through Tree-Based Clustering Methods Riccardo Guidotti, Cristiano Landi, Andrea Beretta, Daniele Fadda & Mirco Nanni Conference paper First Online: 08 October 2023 311 Accesses Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNAI,volume 14276) The growing interpretable machine learning research field is mainly focusing on the explanation of supervised approaches. However, also unsupervised approaches might benefit from considering interpretability aspects. While existing clustering methods only provide the assignment of records to clusters without justifying the partitioning, we propose tree-based clustering methods that offer interpretable data partitioning through a shallow decision tree. These decision trees enable easy-to-understand explanations of cluster assignments through short and understandable split conditions. The proposed methods are evaluated through experiments on synthetic and real datasets and proved to be more effective than traditional clustering approaches and interpretable ones in terms of standard evaluation measures and runtime. Finally, a case study involving human participation demonstrates the effectiveness of the interpretable clustering trees returned by the proposed method.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45275-8_33
Metrics:
Guidotti R, Landi C, Beretta A, Fadda D, Nanni M
Interpretable Data Partitioning Through Tree-Based Clustering Methods Riccardo Guidotti, Cristiano Landi, Andrea Beretta, Daniele Fadda & Mirco Nanni Conference paper First Online: 08 October 2023 311 Accesses Part of the Lecture Notes in Computer Science book series (LNAI,volume 14276) The growing interpretable machine learning research field is mainly focusing on the explanation of supervised approaches. However, also unsupervised approaches might benefit from considering interpretability aspects. While existing clustering methods only provide the assignment of records to clusters without justifying the partitioning, we propose tree-based clustering methods that offer interpretable data partitioning through a shallow decision tree. These decision trees enable easy-to-understand explanations of cluster assignments through short and understandable split conditions. The proposed methods are evaluated through experiments on synthetic and real datasets and proved to be more effective than traditional clustering approaches and interpretable ones in terms of standard evaluation measures and runtime. Finally, a case study involving human participation demonstrates the effectiveness of the interpretable clustering trees returned by the proposed method.DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45275-8_33
Metrics:
See at:
doi.org | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS | link.springer.com
2023
Journal article
Open Access
Co-design of human-centered, explainable AI for clinical decision support
Panigutti C, Beretta A, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Pedreschi D, Perotti A, Rinzivillo S
eXplainable AI (XAI) involves two intertwined but separate challenges: the development of techniques to extract explanations from black-box AI models and the way such explanations are presented to users, i.e., the explanation user interface. Despite its importance, the second aspect has received limited attention so far in the literature. Effective AI explanation interfaces are fundamental for allowing human decision-makers to take advantage and oversee high-risk AI systems effectively. Following an iterative design approach, we present the first cycle of prototyping-testing-redesigning of an explainable AI technique and its explanation user interface for clinical Decision Support Systems (DSS). We first present an XAI technique that meets the technical requirements of the healthcare domain: sequential, ontology-linked patient data, and multi-label classification tasks. We demonstrate its applicability to explain a clinical DSS, and we design a first prototype of an explanation user interface. Next, we test such a prototype with healthcare providers and collect their feedback with a two-fold outcome: First, we obtain evidence that explanations increase users' trust in the XAI system, and second, we obtain useful insights on the perceived deficiencies of their interaction with the system, so we can re-design a better, more human-centered explanation interface.Source: ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INTERACTIVE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, vol. 13 (issue 4)
DOI: 10.1145/3587271
Project(s): HumanE-AI-Net, XAI
Metrics:
Panigutti C, Beretta A, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Pedreschi D, Perotti A, Rinzivillo S
eXplainable AI (XAI) involves two intertwined but separate challenges: the development of techniques to extract explanations from black-box AI models and the way such explanations are presented to users, i.e., the explanation user interface. Despite its importance, the second aspect has received limited attention so far in the literature. Effective AI explanation interfaces are fundamental for allowing human decision-makers to take advantage and oversee high-risk AI systems effectively. Following an iterative design approach, we present the first cycle of prototyping-testing-redesigning of an explainable AI technique and its explanation user interface for clinical Decision Support Systems (DSS). We first present an XAI technique that meets the technical requirements of the healthcare domain: sequential, ontology-linked patient data, and multi-label classification tasks. We demonstrate its applicability to explain a clinical DSS, and we design a first prototype of an explanation user interface. Next, we test such a prototype with healthcare providers and collect their feedback with a two-fold outcome: First, we obtain evidence that explanations increase users' trust in the XAI system, and second, we obtain useful insights on the perceived deficiencies of their interaction with the system, so we can re-design a better, more human-centered explanation interface.Source: ACM TRANSACTIONS ON INTERACTIVE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, vol. 13 (issue 4)
DOI: 10.1145/3587271
Project(s): HumanE-AI-Net
, XAI Metrics:
See at:
dl.acm.org | Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Scuola Normale Superiore | CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems | CNR IRIS
2024
Other
Open Access
FRIA Fundamental Rights Impact Assessment
Savella R., Pratesi F., Fadda D., Trasarti R.
Poster presented at ISTI Day 2023-2024 edition on June 14 2024.Project(s): SoBigData RI PPP, SoBigData-PlusPlus
Savella R., Pratesi F., Fadda D., Trasarti R.
Poster presented at ISTI Day 2023-2024 edition on June 14 2024.Project(s): SoBigData RI PPP
, SoBigData-PlusPlus
See at:
CNR IRIS | www.isti.cnr.it | CNR IRIS
2020
Other
Open Access
The relationship between human mobility and viral transmissibility during the COVID-19 epidemics in Italy
Cintia P, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Pappalardo L, Rossetti G, Pedreschi D, Rinzivillo S, Bonato P, Fabbri F, Penone F, Bavarese M, Checchi D, Chiaromonte F, Vineis P, Gazzetta G, Riccardo F, Marziano V, Poletti P, Trentini F, Bella A, Xanthi A, Del Manso M, Fabiani M, Bellino S, Boros S, Urdiales Am, Vescia Mf, Brusaferro S, Rezza G, Pezzotti P, Ajelli M, Merler S
We describe in this report our studies to understand the relationship between human mobility and the spreading of COVID-19, as an aid to manage the restart of the social and economic activities after the lockdown and monitor the epidemics in the coming weeks and months. We compare the evolution (from January to May 2020) of the daily mobility flows in Italy, measured by means of nation-wide mobile phone data, and the evolution of transmissibility, measured by the net reproduction number, i.e., the mean number of secondary infections generated by one primary infector in the presence of control interventions and human behavioural adaptations. We find a striking relationship between the negative variation of mobility flows and the net reproduction number, in all Italian regions, between March 11th and March 18th, when the country entered the lockdown. This observation allows us to quantify the time needed to "switch off" the country mobility (one week) and the time required to bring the net reproduction number below 1 (one week). A reasonably simple regression model provides evidence that the net reproduction number is correlated with a region's incoming, outgoing and internal mobility. We also find a strong relationship between the number of days above the epidemic threshold before the mobility flows reduce significantly as an effect of lockdowns, and the total number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections per 100k inhabitants, thus indirectly showing the effectiveness of the lockdown and the other non-pharmaceutical interventions in the containment of the contagion. Our study demonstrates the value of "big" mobility data to the monitoring of key epidemic indicators to inform choices as the epidemics unfolds in the coming months.Project(s): SoBigData
Cintia P, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Pappalardo L, Rossetti G, Pedreschi D, Rinzivillo S, Bonato P, Fabbri F, Penone F, Bavarese M, Checchi D, Chiaromonte F, Vineis P, Gazzetta G, Riccardo F, Marziano V, Poletti P, Trentini F, Bella A, Xanthi A, Del Manso M, Fabiani M, Bellino S, Boros S, Urdiales Am, Vescia Mf, Brusaferro S, Rezza G, Pezzotti P, Ajelli M, Merler S
We describe in this report our studies to understand the relationship between human mobility and the spreading of COVID-19, as an aid to manage the restart of the social and economic activities after the lockdown and monitor the epidemics in the coming weeks and months. We compare the evolution (from January to May 2020) of the daily mobility flows in Italy, measured by means of nation-wide mobile phone data, and the evolution of transmissibility, measured by the net reproduction number, i.e., the mean number of secondary infections generated by one primary infector in the presence of control interventions and human behavioural adaptations. We find a striking relationship between the negative variation of mobility flows and the net reproduction number, in all Italian regions, between March 11th and March 18th, when the country entered the lockdown. This observation allows us to quantify the time needed to "switch off" the country mobility (one week) and the time required to bring the net reproduction number below 1 (one week). A reasonably simple regression model provides evidence that the net reproduction number is correlated with a region's incoming, outgoing and internal mobility. We also find a strong relationship between the number of days above the epidemic threshold before the mobility flows reduce significantly as an effect of lockdowns, and the total number of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections per 100k inhabitants, thus indirectly showing the effectiveness of the lockdown and the other non-pharmaceutical interventions in the containment of the contagion. Our study demonstrates the value of "big" mobility data to the monitoring of key epidemic indicators to inform choices as the epidemics unfolds in the coming months.Project(s): SoBigData
See at:
arxiv.org | CNR IRIS | ISTI Repository | CNR IRIS
2016
Other
Restricted
Database of female scientists at the 6 targeted Departments of UNIPI
Romano V, Natilli M, Fadda D, Rossetti G, Giannotti F
The experience gained with the several funded European projects allows us to collect data on female careers but also to identify the context (at institutional level) as a crucial factor in defining the phenomenon of gender equality. The usual approach is to perform a survey or to ask the administration in order to understand how many women are employed at the different levels of the institution at a certain time. The institution obtains a snapshot of the gender equality or, if the study is repeated regularly, a sequence of snapshots that allows gender researchers to perform comparisons and better understand the trends. The aim of the Women Scientific Career Database is to integrate the study of gender equality in the structure of the administration of the institution, in order to build a permanent gender monitor that is automatically updated by the administration. This new approach allows a real time analysis of the gender equality within the institution and, as data are continuously updated, makes it easier to verify how different strategies, laws or regulations can modify the status of gender equality. In order to better understand how the career of a researcher evolves within the institution through years, a lot of different events have to be monitored, like the type of contract and its evolution, and scientific production. The analysis provides statistics aggregated at university level, at department level and personal level in order to give a global picture of the university status and to show how different departments present different behaviors with respect to the gender inequalities. The personal level aggregation wants instead to show how real women scientist can have a successful career. This report describes the realization of the Women Scientific Career Database, the data model, the acquisition procedures and the implementation of first family of indicators and their rendering through a navigable web interface.Project(s): TRIGGER
Romano V, Natilli M, Fadda D, Rossetti G, Giannotti F
The experience gained with the several funded European projects allows us to collect data on female careers but also to identify the context (at institutional level) as a crucial factor in defining the phenomenon of gender equality. The usual approach is to perform a survey or to ask the administration in order to understand how many women are employed at the different levels of the institution at a certain time. The institution obtains a snapshot of the gender equality or, if the study is repeated regularly, a sequence of snapshots that allows gender researchers to perform comparisons and better understand the trends. The aim of the Women Scientific Career Database is to integrate the study of gender equality in the structure of the administration of the institution, in order to build a permanent gender monitor that is automatically updated by the administration. This new approach allows a real time analysis of the gender equality within the institution and, as data are continuously updated, makes it easier to verify how different strategies, laws or regulations can modify the status of gender equality. In order to better understand how the career of a researcher evolves within the institution through years, a lot of different events have to be monitored, like the type of contract and its evolution, and scientific production. The analysis provides statistics aggregated at university level, at department level and personal level in order to give a global picture of the university status and to show how different departments present different behaviors with respect to the gender inequalities. The personal level aggregation wants instead to show how real women scientist can have a successful career. This report describes the realization of the Women Scientific Career Database, the data model, the acquisition procedures and the implementation of first family of indicators and their rendering through a navigable web interface.Project(s): TRIGGER
See at:
CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS | triggerproject.eu
2018
Conference article
Open Access
Discovering Mobility Functional Areas: A Mobility Data Analysis Approach
Gabrielli L, Fadda D, Rossetti G, Nanni M, Piccinini L, Pedreschi D, Giannotti F, Lattarulo P
How do we measure the borders of urban areas and therefore decide which are the functional units of the territory? Nowadays, we typically do that just looking at census data, while in this work we aim to identify functional areas for mobility in a completely data-driven way. Our solution makes use of human mobility data (vehicle trajectories) and consists in an agglomerative process which gradually groups together those municipalities that maximize internal vehicular traffic while minimizing external one. The approach is tested against a dataset of trips involving individuals of an Italian Region, obtaining a new territorial division which allows us to identify mobility attractors. Leveraging such partitioning and external knowledge, we show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms. Indeed, the outcome of our approach is of great value to public administrations for creating synergies within the aggregations of the territories obtained.Source: SPRINGER PROCEEDINGS IN COMPLEXITY, pp. 311-322. Boston, 6/03/2018
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-73198-8_27
Project(s): SoBigData
Metrics:
Gabrielli L, Fadda D, Rossetti G, Nanni M, Piccinini L, Pedreschi D, Giannotti F, Lattarulo P
How do we measure the borders of urban areas and therefore decide which are the functional units of the territory? Nowadays, we typically do that just looking at census data, while in this work we aim to identify functional areas for mobility in a completely data-driven way. Our solution makes use of human mobility data (vehicle trajectories) and consists in an agglomerative process which gradually groups together those municipalities that maximize internal vehicular traffic while minimizing external one. The approach is tested against a dataset of trips involving individuals of an Italian Region, obtaining a new territorial division which allows us to identify mobility attractors. Leveraging such partitioning and external knowledge, we show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms. Indeed, the outcome of our approach is of great value to public administrations for creating synergies within the aggregations of the territories obtained.Source: SPRINGER PROCEEDINGS IN COMPLEXITY, pp. 311-322. Boston, 6/03/2018
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-73198-8_27
Project(s): SoBigData
Metrics:
See at:
CNR IRIS | link.springer.com | ISTI Repository | ISTI Repository | Springer Proceedings in Complexity | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS | CNR IRIS
2020
Other
Open Access
Mobile phone data analytics against the COVID-19 epidemics in Italy: flow diversity and local job markets during the national lockdown
Bonato P, Cintia P, Fabbri F, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Lopalco Pl, Mazzilli S, Nanni M, Pappalardo L, Pedreschi D, Penone F, Rinzivillo S, Rossetti G, Savarese M, Tavoschi L
Understanding human mobility patterns is crucial to plan the restart of production and economic activities, which are currently put in "stand-by" to fight the diffusion of the epidemics. A recent analysis shows that, following the national lockdown of March 9th, the mobility fluxes have decreased by 50% or more, everywhere in the country. To this purpose, we use mobile phone data to compute the movements of people between Italian provinces, and we analyze the incoming, outcoming and internal mobility flows before and during the national lockdown (March 9th, 2020) and after the closure of non-necessary productive and economic activities (March 23th, 2020). The population flow across provinces and municipalities enable for the modeling of a risk index tailored for the mobility of each municipality or province. Such an index would be a useful indicator to drive counter-measures in reaction to a sudden reactivation of the epidemics. Mobile phone data, even when aggregated to preserve the privacy of individuals, are a useful data source to track the evolution in time of human mobility, hence allowing for monitoring the effectiveness of control measures such as physical distancing. In this report, we address the following analytical questions: How does the mobility structure of a territory change? Do incoming and outcoming flows become more predictable during the lockdown, and what are the differences between weekdays and weekends? Can we detect proper local job markets based on human mobility flows, to eventually shape the borders of a local outbreak?DOI: 10.32079/isti-tr-2020/005
Metrics:
Bonato P, Cintia P, Fabbri F, Fadda D, Giannotti F, Lopalco Pl, Mazzilli S, Nanni M, Pappalardo L, Pedreschi D, Penone F, Rinzivillo S, Rossetti G, Savarese M, Tavoschi L
Understanding human mobility patterns is crucial to plan the restart of production and economic activities, which are currently put in "stand-by" to fight the diffusion of the epidemics. A recent analysis shows that, following the national lockdown of March 9th, the mobility fluxes have decreased by 50% or more, everywhere in the country. To this purpose, we use mobile phone data to compute the movements of people between Italian provinces, and we analyze the incoming, outcoming and internal mobility flows before and during the national lockdown (March 9th, 2020) and after the closure of non-necessary productive and economic activities (March 23th, 2020). The population flow across provinces and municipalities enable for the modeling of a risk index tailored for the mobility of each municipality or province. Such an index would be a useful indicator to drive counter-measures in reaction to a sudden reactivation of the epidemics. Mobile phone data, even when aggregated to preserve the privacy of individuals, are a useful data source to track the evolution in time of human mobility, hence allowing for monitoring the effectiveness of control measures such as physical distancing. In this report, we address the following analytical questions: How does the mobility structure of a territory change? Do incoming and outcoming flows become more predictable during the lockdown, and what are the differences between weekdays and weekends? Can we detect proper local job markets based on human mobility flows, to eventually shape the borders of a local outbreak?DOI: 10.32079/isti-tr-2020/005
Metrics:
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