2007
Conference article
Unknown
A similarity approach on searching for digital rights
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F.
We present an innovative approach that treats the right management metadata as metric objects, enabling similarity search on IPR attributes between digital items. We show how the content base similarity search can help both the user to deal with a huge amount of similar items with different licenses and the content providers to detect fake copies or illegal uses. Our aim is the management of the metadata related to the Digital Rights in centralized systems or networks with indexing capabilities for both text and similarity searches, providing theSource: Multimedia Metadata Applications Workshop. Held in conjunction of International Conference on New Media and Semantics Systems. I-MEDIA'07 and I-SEMANTICS'07, pp. 147–154, Graz, Austria, 5-7 September 2007
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F.
We present an innovative approach that treats the right management metadata as metric objects, enabling similarity search on IPR attributes between digital items. We show how the content base similarity search can help both the user to deal with a huge amount of similar items with different licenses and the content providers to detect fake copies or illegal uses. Our aim is the management of the metadata related to the Digital Rights in centralized systems or networks with indexing capabilities for both text and similarity searches, providing theSource: Multimedia Metadata Applications Workshop. Held in conjunction of International Conference on New Media and Semantics Systems. I-MEDIA'07 and I-SEMANTICS'07, pp. 147–154, Graz, Austria, 5-7 September 2007
See at: CNR ExploRA
2006
Conference article
Unknown
On scalability of the similarity search in the world of peers
Batko M., Novak D., Falchi F., Zezula P.
Due to the increasing complexity of current digital data, similarity search has become a fundamental computational task in many applications. Unfortunately, its costs are still high and the linear scalability of single server implementations prevents from efficient searching in large data volumes. In this paper, we shortly describe four recent scalable distributed similarity search techniques and study their performance of executing queries on three different datasets. Though all the methods employ parallelism to speed up query execution, different advantages for different objectives have been identified by experiments. The reported results can be exploited for choosing the best implementations for specific applications. They can also be used for designing new and better indexing structures in the future.Source: International conference on Scalable information systems, Hong Kong, May 30 June 01 2006
Batko M., Novak D., Falchi F., Zezula P.
Due to the increasing complexity of current digital data, similarity search has become a fundamental computational task in many applications. Unfortunately, its costs are still high and the linear scalability of single server implementations prevents from efficient searching in large data volumes. In this paper, we shortly describe four recent scalable distributed similarity search techniques and study their performance of executing queries on three different datasets. Though all the methods employ parallelism to speed up query execution, different advantages for different objectives have been identified by experiments. The reported results can be exploited for choosing the best implementations for specific applications. They can also be used for designing new and better indexing structures in the future.Source: International conference on Scalable information systems, Hong Kong, May 30 June 01 2006
See at: CNR ExploRA
2007
Conference article
Restricted
A digital rights aware similarity measure for multimedia documents
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F., Orio N.
This paper presents a novel approach to the retrieval of multimedia documents that considers Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) metadata as a multidimensional feature in a metric space. The approach allows us to perform similarity searches on the IPR attributes of digital items and to integrate these searches in a common query-by-example paradigm. We aim at managing the metadata related to the IPR in both centralized and Peer-to-Peer systems with metric indexing capabilities. Together with content-based similarity search, IPR similarity search can help the end user to deal with a huge amount of similar items with different licenses. Moreover, content providers may be able to detect fake copies or illegal uses. Two use cases, related to the retrieval of music and images respectively, are presented to describe the possible applications of the approach.Source: International Multimedia Conference. Workshop on multimedia information retrieval on The many faces of multimedia semantics, pp. 73–80, 28/09/2007
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F., Orio N.
This paper presents a novel approach to the retrieval of multimedia documents that considers Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) metadata as a multidimensional feature in a metric space. The approach allows us to perform similarity searches on the IPR attributes of digital items and to integrate these searches in a common query-by-example paradigm. We aim at managing the metadata related to the IPR in both centralized and Peer-to-Peer systems with metric indexing capabilities. Together with content-based similarity search, IPR similarity search can help the end user to deal with a huge amount of similar items with different licenses. Moreover, content providers may be able to detect fake copies or illegal uses. Two use cases, related to the retrieval of music and images respectively, are presented to describe the possible applications of the approach.Source: International Multimedia Conference. Workshop on multimedia information retrieval on The many faces of multimedia semantics, pp. 73–80, 28/09/2007
See at:
doi.acm.org 
| CNR ExploRA
2007
Conference article
Restricted
An Innovative approach for Indexing and Searching Digital Rights
Allasia W., Chiariglione F., Gallo F., Falchi F.
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the reuse of digital content, as video documents or PowerPoint presentations, by exploiting existing technologies for automatic extraction of metadata (OCR, speech recognition, cut detection, MPEG-7 visual descriptors, etc.). The multimedia documents and the extracted metadata are then indexed and managed by the Multimedia Content Management System (MCMS) MILOS, specifically developed to support design and effective implementation of digital library applications. As a result, the indexed digital material can be retrieved by means of content based retrieval on the text extracted and on the MPEG-7 visual descriptors (via similarity search), assisting the user of the e-Learning Library (student or teacher) to retrieve the items not only on the basic bibliographic metadata (title, author, etc.).Source: Third International Conference on Automated Production of Cross Media Content for Multi-Channel Distribution. AXMEDIS'07, Barcelona, Spain, 28-30/11/2007
Allasia W., Chiariglione F., Gallo F., Falchi F.
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the reuse of digital content, as video documents or PowerPoint presentations, by exploiting existing technologies for automatic extraction of metadata (OCR, speech recognition, cut detection, MPEG-7 visual descriptors, etc.). The multimedia documents and the extracted metadata are then indexed and managed by the Multimedia Content Management System (MCMS) MILOS, specifically developed to support design and effective implementation of digital library applications. As a result, the indexed digital material can be retrieved by means of content based retrieval on the text extracted and on the MPEG-7 visual descriptors (via similarity search), assisting the user of the e-Learning Library (student or teacher) to retrieve the items not only on the basic bibliographic metadata (title, author, etc.).Source: Third International Conference on Automated Production of Cross Media Content for Multi-Channel Distribution. AXMEDIS'07, Barcelona, Spain, 28-30/11/2007
See at:
doi.ieeecomputersociety.org | CNR ExploRA
2008
Conference article
Restricted
Audio-visual content analysis in P2P networks: the SAPIR approach
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F., Kacimi M., Kaplan A., Mamou J., Mass Y., Orio N.
Content based search in audio-visual collections requires media specific analysis for extracting low level features to be efficiently indexed and searched. We present the SAPIR media framework for analyzing digital content and representing the extracted features in a common schema, used to index and search content in a P2P network. The framework contains splitters of compound objects into simple objects to deal with complex media like videos, using image and speech analyzers. We report usage of this framework in the SAPIR demo.Source: 1st International Workshop on Automated Information Extraction in Media Production in conjunction with the 19th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Application, pp. 610–614, Turin, Italy, 1-5-/09/2008
DOI: 10.1109/dexa.2008.123
Metrics:
Allasia W., Falchi F., Gallo F., Kacimi M., Kaplan A., Mamou J., Mass Y., Orio N.
Content based search in audio-visual collections requires media specific analysis for extracting low level features to be efficiently indexed and searched. We present the SAPIR media framework for analyzing digital content and representing the extracted features in a common schema, used to index and search content in a P2P network. The framework contains splitters of compound objects into simple objects to deal with complex media like videos, using image and speech analyzers. We report usage of this framework in the SAPIR demo.Source: 1st International Workshop on Automated Information Extraction in Media Production in conjunction with the 19th International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Application, pp. 610–614, Turin, Italy, 1-5-/09/2008
DOI: 10.1109/dexa.2008.123
Metrics:
See at:
doi.org | ieeexplore.ieee.org | CNR ExploRA
2007
Report
Unknown
SAPIR - D3.1 - Common Schema for Feature Extraction
Falchi F., Allasia W., Gallo F., Jonathan M., Yosi M., Miotto R., Orio N., Hagège C., Kaplan A.
In this report we define a representation formalism for describing multimedia documents containing any combination of video, still images, music, speech, and text. A document description in this formalism includes metadata (author, title, etc.), as well as the results of automatic feature extraction for use in indexing, search, and browsing. By defining a single representation format that covers all media, we intend to support cross-media search; for example, an image similarity search might retrieve both videos and still images; and a keyword search on titles might receive documents of all media types. The representation is based on the MPEG-7 standard, with extensions to cover media, features, and metadata not covered by the standard. MPEG-7 provides a rich vocabulary for describing document structure and content, and its status as a standard means that SAPIR will be interoperable with other multimedia management systems. The SAPIR-specific extensions are defined in such a way as to preserve this interoperability. The report describes project activities undertaken as part of task T3.1Source: Project report, SAPIR, Deliverable D3.1, 2007
Falchi F., Allasia W., Gallo F., Jonathan M., Yosi M., Miotto R., Orio N., Hagège C., Kaplan A.
In this report we define a representation formalism for describing multimedia documents containing any combination of video, still images, music, speech, and text. A document description in this formalism includes metadata (author, title, etc.), as well as the results of automatic feature extraction for use in indexing, search, and browsing. By defining a single representation format that covers all media, we intend to support cross-media search; for example, an image similarity search might retrieve both videos and still images; and a keyword search on titles might receive documents of all media types. The representation is based on the MPEG-7 standard, with extensions to cover media, features, and metadata not covered by the standard. MPEG-7 provides a rich vocabulary for describing document structure and content, and its status as a standard means that SAPIR will be interoperable with other multimedia management systems. The SAPIR-specific extensions are defined in such a way as to preserve this interoperability. The report describes project activities undertaken as part of task T3.1Source: Project report, SAPIR, Deliverable D3.1, 2007
See at: CNR ExploRA
2009
Report
Open Access
SAPIR D5.4 - Executing complex similarity queries over multi layer P2P search structures
Falchi F., Batko M.
This deliverable reports the activities conducted within Task 5.4 "Executing complex similarity queries over multi layer P2P search structures" of the SAPIR project. In particular the deliverable discusses complex similarity queries issues and the implementation of the query processing over the P2P indexing. The document is accompanied by a zip file containing the javadoc for MUFIN.Source: Project report, SAPIR, Deliverable D5.4, 2009
Project(s): SAPIR
Falchi F., Batko M.
This deliverable reports the activities conducted within Task 5.4 "Executing complex similarity queries over multi layer P2P search structures" of the SAPIR project. In particular the deliverable discusses complex similarity queries issues and the implementation of the query processing over the P2P indexing. The document is accompanied by a zip file containing the javadoc for MUFIN.Source: Project report, SAPIR, Deliverable D5.4, 2009
Project(s): SAPIR
See at:
ISTI Repository 
| CNR ExploRA
2013
Software
Unknown
Visual information retrieval
Falchi F.
VIR is a library for content based image retrieval and classification based on global and local features. The library allows comparing images considering their global and/or local features. It includes local features matching, RANSAC, MPEG-7 global features comparisons, kNN classification, Bag-of-Words (or Bag-of-Features) approach. It is an ongoing project. At the moment it does not implement feature extraction.
Falchi F.
VIR is a library for content based image retrieval and classification based on global and local features. The library allows comparing images considering their global and/or local features. It includes local features matching, RANSAC, MPEG-7 global features comparisons, kNN classification, Bag-of-Words (or Bag-of-Features) approach. It is an ongoing project. At the moment it does not implement feature extraction.
See at: github.com | CNR ExploRA
2013
Report
Unknown
PRESTO4U - CoP Progress report year 1
Ligios L., Lindgaard P. H., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Chakravarthy A., Laurenson P., Mcneil J., Crhistensen T., Bagnoli L., Falchi F., Snyders M.
Presto4U is has created nine Communities of Practice (CoPs), each based on a shared concern, a shared set of problems and a common pursuit of technological solutions related to the particular custodial practices and preservation challenges in a principal sub-sector of audiovisual media. The CoPs, collectively and individually, provide a crucial reference point and exchange environment for all the Presto4U activities. Each CoP is coordinated by a consortium Partner that is well respected and well connected to other CoP members, that is keen to help develop the CoP's practice, and is knowledgeable and passionate about the Presto4U topics. Now that the Communities of Practice have been created, a large part of the work in Presto4U consists of the maintaining, nurturing and growing of each CoP through online and offline activities, publications and tools. The project will manage the activities for each CoP expert working group through directing, facilitating, stimulating and maintaining interactions and feedback for providing detail on the preservation needs of each Community. This part of the project will also gather data about the various communities, provide analyses of gaps and challenges, define and share information with the supplyside, and maintain feedback mechanisms and broker connections between challenges of each CoP with the project. This first CoP Progress Report is a collated report describing the individual progress for each Community of Practice since their establishment at Project Month 7, focusing on the actual Community of Practice management progress as well as a first glimpse of the long term digital preservation technological needs, barriers and suppliers. Not all Communities of Practice have started at an equal level of "pre-development" nor have they developed at the same rate. Therefore, each chapter in this report should be considered as an individual overview of the situation in each Community of Practice. The report will be used further into the project to ensure the efficient mapping of Communities of Practice and the project requirements, and to stimulate combined efforts between two or more Communities of Practice where possible. It will also help set further priorities for work ongoing in Presto4U, notably the dissemination focus of WP5, the research in WP3, the specific challenges for the development of an online Market Place in WP4, and the measuring of impact of the project's efforts in WP6.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D2.4, 2013
Project(s): PRESTO4U
Ligios L., Lindgaard P. H., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Chakravarthy A., Laurenson P., Mcneil J., Crhistensen T., Bagnoli L., Falchi F., Snyders M.
Presto4U is has created nine Communities of Practice (CoPs), each based on a shared concern, a shared set of problems and a common pursuit of technological solutions related to the particular custodial practices and preservation challenges in a principal sub-sector of audiovisual media. The CoPs, collectively and individually, provide a crucial reference point and exchange environment for all the Presto4U activities. Each CoP is coordinated by a consortium Partner that is well respected and well connected to other CoP members, that is keen to help develop the CoP's practice, and is knowledgeable and passionate about the Presto4U topics. Now that the Communities of Practice have been created, a large part of the work in Presto4U consists of the maintaining, nurturing and growing of each CoP through online and offline activities, publications and tools. The project will manage the activities for each CoP expert working group through directing, facilitating, stimulating and maintaining interactions and feedback for providing detail on the preservation needs of each Community. This part of the project will also gather data about the various communities, provide analyses of gaps and challenges, define and share information with the supplyside, and maintain feedback mechanisms and broker connections between challenges of each CoP with the project. This first CoP Progress Report is a collated report describing the individual progress for each Community of Practice since their establishment at Project Month 7, focusing on the actual Community of Practice management progress as well as a first glimpse of the long term digital preservation technological needs, barriers and suppliers. Not all Communities of Practice have started at an equal level of "pre-development" nor have they developed at the same rate. Therefore, each chapter in this report should be considered as an individual overview of the situation in each Community of Practice. The report will be used further into the project to ensure the efficient mapping of Communities of Practice and the project requirements, and to stimulate combined efforts between two or more Communities of Practice where possible. It will also help set further priorities for work ongoing in Presto4U, notably the dissemination focus of WP5, the research in WP3, the specific challenges for the development of an online Market Place in WP4, and the measuring of impact of the project's efforts in WP6.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D2.4, 2013
Project(s): PRESTO4U
See at: CNR ExploRA
2014
Report
Restricted
Presto4U - Longitudinal CoP impact analysis: simple longitudinal study of the potential impact of the CoP activities based on the CoP reports and their progress over time
Bagnoli L., Teruggi D., Verbuggen E., Lindgaard P. H., Gram J. N., Rendina M., Falchi F., Walland P., Schallaure P., Houpert J., Bauer C., Fino-Radin B., Oomen J., Oleksik P.
The scope of this Deliverable is to study the impact of the Presto4U project on the CoP activities, based on CoP reports and their progress over time. The study will includes a validation of the models from WP4T1 based on real uptake case studies, the influence of technology watch and brokering services on CoP's choices, and a satisfaction survey for every CoP on the role of the project for the understanding and adoption of new solutions. A brief introduction presents the economic environment in which the various communities face the challenges of preservation and how these are addressed with different approaches depending on the type of community. The second part, presents the analysis of the interactions within content holders and producers, service and technology providers. It will also gain input in the ability of the Communities to internally integrate technology or a specific practice in terms of specialized and skilled staff, internally available technology or potential financial resources and their dependence from external technology, financing and service providers. The third part intends to draw some conclusions on the project status, through an analysis of the expectations and achievements from the point of view of all the nine communities involved in Presto4U. A satisfaction survey, in the guise of a common questionnaire, has been submitted to all the CoP leaders.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D6.2, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
Bagnoli L., Teruggi D., Verbuggen E., Lindgaard P. H., Gram J. N., Rendina M., Falchi F., Walland P., Schallaure P., Houpert J., Bauer C., Fino-Radin B., Oomen J., Oleksik P.
The scope of this Deliverable is to study the impact of the Presto4U project on the CoP activities, based on CoP reports and their progress over time. The study will includes a validation of the models from WP4T1 based on real uptake case studies, the influence of technology watch and brokering services on CoP's choices, and a satisfaction survey for every CoP on the role of the project for the understanding and adoption of new solutions. A brief introduction presents the economic environment in which the various communities face the challenges of preservation and how these are addressed with different approaches depending on the type of community. The second part, presents the analysis of the interactions within content holders and producers, service and technology providers. It will also gain input in the ability of the Communities to internally integrate technology or a specific practice in terms of specialized and skilled staff, internally available technology or potential financial resources and their dependence from external technology, financing and service providers. The third part intends to draw some conclusions on the project status, through an analysis of the expectations and achievements from the point of view of all the nine communities involved in Presto4U. A satisfaction survey, in the guise of a common questionnaire, has been submitted to all the CoP leaders.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D6.2, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
See at:
www.prestocentre.org | CNR ExploRA
2014
Report
Restricted
Presto4U - Recommendations on rights technology
Boch L., Di Carlo A., Gallo F., Pellegrino J., Laurenson P., Rendina M., Ligios L., Ortolani S., Christensen T., Bagnoli L., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Falchi F.
The scope of Presto4U project is technology for digital audiovisual media preservation. The long-term preservation of digital audiovisual media presents a range of complex technological, organisational, economic and rights-related issues. Presto4U focuses onto useful technological solutions, for raising awareness and improving the adoption of audiovisual preservation research results, both by service providers and media owners. Presto4U has created a series of Communities of Practice in the main sub-sectors of the audiovisual media preservation for developing knowledge about their practices and their unresolved issues for accessing to and taking advantage from research output. The scope of this report is technology for handling audiovisual rights. Beyond considering how to prevent the loss of content, rights information has to be included upstream in the preservation process before the sources of information become uncertain. There are many areas of research into audiovisual rights, covering: definitions of formats and models or rights representations, such as rights expression languages and ontologies, development of innovative services for the management of rights information, and architectures for enforcing the appropriate use of rights. The context is provided by the legal framework, the media contracts, the technologies for content distribution and fruition, the technologies for the information management, and the related standards and specifications. Topics in the scope of this report include how to ascertain rights ownership, how to represent unambiguously the rights in machine-readable form, and which are the practical guidelines for handling rights expressed in that way.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D3.4, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
Boch L., Di Carlo A., Gallo F., Pellegrino J., Laurenson P., Rendina M., Ligios L., Ortolani S., Christensen T., Bagnoli L., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Falchi F.
The scope of Presto4U project is technology for digital audiovisual media preservation. The long-term preservation of digital audiovisual media presents a range of complex technological, organisational, economic and rights-related issues. Presto4U focuses onto useful technological solutions, for raising awareness and improving the adoption of audiovisual preservation research results, both by service providers and media owners. Presto4U has created a series of Communities of Practice in the main sub-sectors of the audiovisual media preservation for developing knowledge about their practices and their unresolved issues for accessing to and taking advantage from research output. The scope of this report is technology for handling audiovisual rights. Beyond considering how to prevent the loss of content, rights information has to be included upstream in the preservation process before the sources of information become uncertain. There are many areas of research into audiovisual rights, covering: definitions of formats and models or rights representations, such as rights expression languages and ontologies, development of innovative services for the management of rights information, and architectures for enforcing the appropriate use of rights. The context is provided by the legal framework, the media contracts, the technologies for content distribution and fruition, the technologies for the information management, and the related standards and specifications. Topics in the scope of this report include how to ascertain rights ownership, how to represent unambiguously the rights in machine-readable form, and which are the practical guidelines for handling rights expressed in that way.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D3.4, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
See at:
www.prestocentre.org | CNR ExploRA
2014
Report
Restricted
PRESTO4U - CoP Progress report year 2
Ligios L., Lindgaard P. H., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Chakravarthy A., Laurenson P., Mcneil J., Cristensen T., Bagnoli L., Falchi F. Snyders M.
Since the nine Communities of Practice have been created in year 1, a large part of the work in Presto4U during year 2 consisted of directing, facilitating, stimulating and maintaining interactions and feedback for providing detail on the preservation needs of each Community. This part of the project also gathered data about the various communities, providing - mostly qualitative - analyses of gaps and challenges, identifying relations with the supply-side, and delivering feedback to the project for many of the challenges of each CoP. This second CoP Progress Report is a collated report describing the individual progress for each Community of Practice in year 2. Each chapter was written by the respective Community of Practice leader and responsible partner in the project. Many of the findings and recommendations in the task have been taken into account in other work of Presto4U and in the further strategies for the audiovisual preservation domain as documented in WP6.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D2.5, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
Ligios L., Lindgaard P. H., Teruggi D., Verbruggen E., Chakravarthy A., Laurenson P., Mcneil J., Cristensen T., Bagnoli L., Falchi F. Snyders M.
Since the nine Communities of Practice have been created in year 1, a large part of the work in Presto4U during year 2 consisted of directing, facilitating, stimulating and maintaining interactions and feedback for providing detail on the preservation needs of each Community. This part of the project also gathered data about the various communities, providing - mostly qualitative - analyses of gaps and challenges, identifying relations with the supply-side, and delivering feedback to the project for many of the challenges of each CoP. This second CoP Progress Report is a collated report describing the individual progress for each Community of Practice in year 2. Each chapter was written by the respective Community of Practice leader and responsible partner in the project. Many of the findings and recommendations in the task have been taken into account in other work of Presto4U and in the further strategies for the audiovisual preservation domain as documented in WP6.Source: Project report, PRESTO4U, Deliverable D2.5, 2014
Project(s): PRESTO4U
See at:
www.prestocentre.org | CNR ExploRA
2019
Journal article
Open Access
About deep learning, intuition and thinking
Falchi F.
In recent years, expert intuition has been a hot topic within the discipline of psychology and decision making. The results of this research can help in understanding deep learning; the driving force behind the AI renaissance, which started in 2012.Source: ERCIM news (2019): 14–14.
Falchi F.
In recent years, expert intuition has been a hot topic within the discipline of psychology and decision making. The results of this research can help in understanding deep learning; the driving force behind the AI renaissance, which started in 2012.Source: ERCIM news (2019): 14–14.
See at:
ercim-news.ercim.eu | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2007
Doctoral thesis
Open Access
A Content-Addressable Network for Similarity Search in Metric Spaces
Falchi F.
Because of the ongoing digital data explosion, more advanced search paradigms than the traditional exact match are needed for contentbased retrieval in huge and ever growing collections of data produced in application areas such as multimedia, molecular biology, marketing, computer-aided design and purchasing assistance. As the variety of data types is fast going towards creating a database utilized by people, the computer systems must be able to model human fundamental reasoning paradigms, which are naturally based on similarity. The ability to perceive similarities is crucial for recognition, classification, and learning, and it plays an important role in scientific discovery and creativity. Recently, the mathematical notion of metric space has become a useful abstraction of similarity and many similarity search indexes have been developed. In this thesis, we accept the metric space similarity paradigm and concentrate on the scalability issues. By exploiting computer networks and applying the Peer-to-Peer communication paradigms, we build a structured network of computers able to process similarity queries in parallel. Since no centralized entities are used, such architectures are fully scalable. Specifically, we propose a Peer-to-Peer system for similarity search in metric spaces called Metric Content-Addressable Network (MCAN) which is an extension of the well known Content-Addressable Network (CAN) used for hash lookup. A prototype implementation of MCAN was tested on real-life datasets of image features, protein symbols, and text -- observed results are reported. We also compared the performance of MCAN with three other, recently proposed, distributed data structures for similarity search in metric spaces.Project(s): SAPIR
Falchi F.
Because of the ongoing digital data explosion, more advanced search paradigms than the traditional exact match are needed for contentbased retrieval in huge and ever growing collections of data produced in application areas such as multimedia, molecular biology, marketing, computer-aided design and purchasing assistance. As the variety of data types is fast going towards creating a database utilized by people, the computer systems must be able to model human fundamental reasoning paradigms, which are naturally based on similarity. The ability to perceive similarities is crucial for recognition, classification, and learning, and it plays an important role in scientific discovery and creativity. Recently, the mathematical notion of metric space has become a useful abstraction of similarity and many similarity search indexes have been developed. In this thesis, we accept the metric space similarity paradigm and concentrate on the scalability issues. By exploiting computer networks and applying the Peer-to-Peer communication paradigms, we build a structured network of computers able to process similarity queries in parallel. Since no centralized entities are used, such architectures are fully scalable. Specifically, we propose a Peer-to-Peer system for similarity search in metric spaces called Metric Content-Addressable Network (MCAN) which is an extension of the well known Content-Addressable Network (CAN) used for hash lookup. A prototype implementation of MCAN was tested on real-life datasets of image features, protein symbols, and text -- observed results are reported. We also compared the performance of MCAN with three other, recently proposed, distributed data structures for similarity search in metric spaces.Project(s): SAPIR
See at:
etd.adm.unipi.it | ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2014
Dataset
Unknown
YFCC100M-HNfc6
Falchi F.
YFCC100M-HNfc6 contains deep features extracted from the 100 million images of the Creative Commons Initiative. In particular we took the activation of the neurons in the fc6 layer of the Hybrid-CNN whose model and weights are public available in the Caffe Model Zoo. The Hybrid-CNN was trained on 1,183 categories (205 scene categories from Places Database and 978 object categories from the train data of ILSVRC2012 (ImageNet) with ~3.6 million images. The architecture is the same as Caffe reference network. The Yahoo Flickr Creative Commons 100M (YFCC100M) dataset was created in 2014 as part of the Yahoo Webscope program. The dataset consists of approximately 99.2 million photos and 0.8 million videos, all uploaded to Flickr between 2004 and 2014 and published under a Creative Commons commercial or non commercial license. The deep features have been integrated in the corpus maintained by the Multimedia Commons initiative which is an effort to develop and share sets of computed features and ground-truth annotations for the Yahoo Flickr Creative Commons 100 Million dataset (YFCC100M), which contains around 99.2 million images and nearly 800,000 videos from Flickr, all shared under Creative Commons licenses. We also give Content-Based Image Retrieval results for various approaches and for various subsets of the datasets. While on the web page you can only see 100 results, 10,001 resutls for each query are available for download.
Falchi F.
YFCC100M-HNfc6 contains deep features extracted from the 100 million images of the Creative Commons Initiative. In particular we took the activation of the neurons in the fc6 layer of the Hybrid-CNN whose model and weights are public available in the Caffe Model Zoo. The Hybrid-CNN was trained on 1,183 categories (205 scene categories from Places Database and 978 object categories from the train data of ILSVRC2012 (ImageNet) with ~3.6 million images. The architecture is the same as Caffe reference network. The Yahoo Flickr Creative Commons 100M (YFCC100M) dataset was created in 2014 as part of the Yahoo Webscope program. The dataset consists of approximately 99.2 million photos and 0.8 million videos, all uploaded to Flickr between 2004 and 2014 and published under a Creative Commons commercial or non commercial license. The deep features have been integrated in the corpus maintained by the Multimedia Commons initiative which is an effort to develop and share sets of computed features and ground-truth annotations for the Yahoo Flickr Creative Commons 100 Million dataset (YFCC100M), which contains around 99.2 million images and nearly 800,000 videos from Flickr, all shared under Creative Commons licenses. We also give Content-Based Image Retrieval results for various approaches and for various subsets of the datasets. While on the web page you can only see 100 results, 10,001 resutls for each query are available for download.
See at: CNR ExploRA | www.deepfeatures.org
2015
Report
Open Access
Bifocal search: embedding context in local descriptors
Falchi F.
Local descriptors are state-of-the-art of representing low-level visual information in object recognition. Because of their effectiveness, they are also largely used in content-based image retrieval whenever the query visually express a specific object to be retrieved between the images in the archive. Given that searching for the local descriptors can be very costly, many recent works have proposed to encode the local descriptors in a compact representation. In this paper, we propose to embed the aggregated information in the local descriptors in order to achieve higher effectiveness. The experimental results, obtained on a largely used public dataset, reveal the potential of the approach. Even if we only tested our approach in a content-based image retrieval scenario, the idea of combining aggregated and local information is general and could be applied in other similarity search tasks. We call the proposed approach bifocal searching because of the similarity with bifocal eyeglasses which have two parts with different focal lengths.Source: Research report, 2015
Falchi F.
Local descriptors are state-of-the-art of representing low-level visual information in object recognition. Because of their effectiveness, they are also largely used in content-based image retrieval whenever the query visually express a specific object to be retrieved between the images in the archive. Given that searching for the local descriptors can be very costly, many recent works have proposed to encode the local descriptors in a compact representation. In this paper, we propose to embed the aggregated information in the local descriptors in order to achieve higher effectiveness. The experimental results, obtained on a largely used public dataset, reveal the potential of the approach. Even if we only tested our approach in a content-based image retrieval scenario, the idea of combining aggregated and local information is general and could be applied in other similarity search tasks. We call the proposed approach bifocal searching because of the similarity with bifocal eyeglasses which have two parts with different focal lengths.Source: Research report, 2015
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ISTI Repository | CNR ExploRA
2007
Contribution to book
Open Access
A content-addressable network for similarity search in metric spaces
Falchi F., Gennaro C., Zezula P.
In this paper we present a scalable and distributed access structure for similarity search in metric spaces. The approach is based on the Content-addressable Network (CAN) paradigm, which provides a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) abstraction over a Cartesian space. We have extended the CAN structure to support storage and retrieval of generic metric space objects. We use pivots for projecting objects of the metric space in an N-dimensional vector space, and exploit the CAN organization for distributing the objects among the computing nodes of the structure. We obtain a Peer-to-Peer network, called the MCAN, which is able to search metric space objects by means of the similarity range queries. Experiments conducted on our prototype system confirm full scalability of the approach.Source: Databases, Information Systems, and Peer-to-Peer Computing, edited by Gianluca Moro, Sonia Bergamaschi, Sam Joseph, Jean-Henry Morin and Aris M. Ouksel, pp. 98–110, 2007
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71661-7_9
Metrics:
Falchi F., Gennaro C., Zezula P.
In this paper we present a scalable and distributed access structure for similarity search in metric spaces. The approach is based on the Content-addressable Network (CAN) paradigm, which provides a Distributed Hash Table (DHT) abstraction over a Cartesian space. We have extended the CAN structure to support storage and retrieval of generic metric space objects. We use pivots for projecting objects of the metric space in an N-dimensional vector space, and exploit the CAN organization for distributing the objects among the computing nodes of the structure. We obtain a Peer-to-Peer network, called the MCAN, which is able to search metric space objects by means of the similarity range queries. Experiments conducted on our prototype system confirm full scalability of the approach.Source: Databases, Information Systems, and Peer-to-Peer Computing, edited by Gianluca Moro, Sonia Bergamaschi, Sam Joseph, Jean-Henry Morin and Aris M. Ouksel, pp. 98–110, 2007
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71661-7_9
Metrics:
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etd.adm.unipi.it | doi.org | www.scopus.com | CNR ExploRA
2008
Journal article
Open Access
Erratum to "Nearest neighbor search in metric spaces through Content-Addressable Networks" [Information Processing and Management 43 (2007) 665-683]
Falchi F., Gennaro C., Zezula P.
Most of the peer-to-peer search techniques proposed in the recent years have focused on the single-key retrieval. However, similarity search in metric spaces represents an important paradigm for content-based retrieval in many applications. In this paper we introduce an extension of the well-known Content-Addressable Network paradigm to support storage and retrieval of more generic metric space objects. In particular we address the problem of executing the nearest neighbors queries, and propose three different algorithms of query propagation. An extensive experimental study on real-life data sets explores the performance characteristics of the proposed algorithms by showing their advantages and disadvantages.Source: Information processing & management 44 (2008): 411–429. doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2007.03.002
DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2007.03.002
DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2006.04.002
Metrics:
Falchi F., Gennaro C., Zezula P.
Most of the peer-to-peer search techniques proposed in the recent years have focused on the single-key retrieval. However, similarity search in metric spaces represents an important paradigm for content-based retrieval in many applications. In this paper we introduce an extension of the well-known Content-Addressable Network paradigm to support storage and retrieval of more generic metric space objects. In particular we address the problem of executing the nearest neighbors queries, and propose three different algorithms of query propagation. An extensive experimental study on real-life data sets explores the performance characteristics of the proposed algorithms by showing their advantages and disadvantages.Source: Information processing & management 44 (2008): 411–429. doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2007.03.002
DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2007.03.002
DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2006.04.002
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | Information Processing & Management | Information Processing & Management | scienceserver.cilea.it | CNR ExploRA
2008
Journal article
Open Access
Scalability comparison of Peer-to-Peer similarity-search structures
Batko M., Novak D., Falchi F., Zezula P.
Due to the increasing complexity of current digital data, similarity search has become a fundamental computational task in many applications. Unfortunately, its costs are still high and grow linearly on single server structures, which prevents them from efficient application on large data volumes. In this paper, we shortly describe four recent scalable distributed techniques for similarity search and study their performance in executing queries on three different datasets. Though all the methods employ parallelism to speed up query execution, different advantages for different objectives have been identified by experiments. The reported results would be helpful for choosing the best implementations for specific applications. They can also be used for designing new and better indexing structures in the future.Source: Future generation computer systems 24 (2008): 834–848. doi:10.1016/j.future.2007.07.012
DOI: 10.1016/j.future.2007.07.012
Metrics:
Batko M., Novak D., Falchi F., Zezula P.
Due to the increasing complexity of current digital data, similarity search has become a fundamental computational task in many applications. Unfortunately, its costs are still high and grow linearly on single server structures, which prevents them from efficient application on large data volumes. In this paper, we shortly describe four recent scalable distributed techniques for similarity search and study their performance in executing queries on three different datasets. Though all the methods employ parallelism to speed up query execution, different advantages for different objectives have been identified by experiments. The reported results would be helpful for choosing the best implementations for specific applications. They can also be used for designing new and better indexing structures in the future.Source: Future generation computer systems 24 (2008): 834–848. doi:10.1016/j.future.2007.07.012
DOI: 10.1016/j.future.2007.07.012
Metrics:
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ISTI Repository | Future Generation Computer Systems | www.sciencedirect.com | CNR ExploRA
2007
Conference article
Unknown
Florentine coats of arms on the Web: experimenting retrieval based on text or image content
Falchi F., Rabitti F., Schweibenz W., Simane J.
The paper describes two different ways of accessing a collection of Florentine coats of arms, which was digitised and made available on the Web. One way is a traditional approach: textual description and indexing. As heraldry uses a specific and complex terminology the textual approach seemed alright for experts but insufficient for laypersons. Therefore an additional retrieval mode was chosen which is based on the visual specification by users of the content of images representing the coat of arms. This access mode allows users who are not familiar with heraldry to access the collection.Source: Open Innovation. Neue Perspektiven im Kontext von Information und Wissen. Beiträge des 10. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2007) und der 13. Jahrestagung der IuK-Initiative Wissenschaft, pp. 1–12, Köln, Germany, May 30 - June 1 2007
Falchi F., Rabitti F., Schweibenz W., Simane J.
The paper describes two different ways of accessing a collection of Florentine coats of arms, which was digitised and made available on the Web. One way is a traditional approach: textual description and indexing. As heraldry uses a specific and complex terminology the textual approach seemed alright for experts but insufficient for laypersons. Therefore an additional retrieval mode was chosen which is based on the visual specification by users of the content of images representing the coat of arms. This access mode allows users who are not familiar with heraldry to access the collection.Source: Open Innovation. Neue Perspektiven im Kontext von Information und Wissen. Beiträge des 10. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI 2007) und der 13. Jahrestagung der IuK-Initiative Wissenschaft, pp. 1–12, Köln, Germany, May 30 - June 1 2007
See at: CNR ExploRA